Biopesticidal Effect of Ethyl Acetate Leaf Extracts of Datura metel L. (Solanaceae) on the larvae of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)

Plant extracts, especially botanical insecticides, are of interest because of their use in plant protection. In the present study, effects of solvent extracts of Datura metel L. were evaluated against larvae of gram pod-borer Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Preliminary screening was carried out with aqueous and other solvent extracts of field collected D. metel at a concentration of 1,000 ppm. Antifeedant activity of methanol crude, petroleum ether, methanol fraction and ethyl acetate fraction of leaf extracts of D. metel were determined to ascertain the active fraction. Larval mortality was observed after 24h of exposure to the plant extracts in different solvents. All the extracts exhibited significant antifeedant and larvicidal effects on the larvae, however, highest larval mortality was observed in ethyl acetate fraction (5.9, 19.3, 31.1, 38.5, 84.8 and 152.6) of leaf extract of D.metel against the I, II, III, IV, V and VI instar larvae of H. armigera respectively. Further, the most active ethyl acetate fraction of D. metel was used to estimate growth inhibition, larvicidal activity and malformation. Results suggest that ethyl acetate fractions of leaf extract of D.metel holds a significant potential to be used as bio-pesticide for the control of destructive polyphagous agricultural pest - H. armigera.

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