What’s New (and What’s Given) in the Theory of Focus?

Central to virtually all versions of focus semantics is the notion of focus semantic values, FSVs for short (also called focus alternatives). Characterized informally, within a given F(ocus)-Domain D, the meaning of all focused elements can be replaced by type-identical alternatives, which are combined with the ordinary denotations of non-focused constituents in D in the usual way. The result is a set of alternatives to the ordinary denotation of the domain D. I will use a shorthand notation for FSVs, writing things like (1a–c) to characterize the FSVs of the root domains in (2a–c):