Recent Survey of Large-Scale Systems: Architectures, Controller Strategies, and Industrial Applications

Complex, dynamical systems, often of a high order, composed of several interconnected subsystems, are referred to as large-scale systems (LSSs). This article presents a survey of the most common LSS architectures. The article then proceeds to discuss conventional control schemes, including decentralized, distributed, and hierarchical structures for these LSSs. Finally, some relevant and recent application domains such as power systems, transportation systems, and industrial processes are outlined. The article concludes by outlining some possible future research and development directions.