Reconfiguration du dispositif de commande d’une éolienne en cas de creux de tension

Avec le developpement de l’eolien, les prescriptions techniques de raccordement de cette technologie obligeront le maintient de sa connexion lors d’incidents sur la tension du reseau electrique. L’enjeu pour le gestionnaire du reseau est de pouvoir utiliser tous les generateurs pour garantir la stabilite du systeme electrique.A partir d’un modele dynamique d’une eolienne a base de Machine Asynchrone a Double Alimentation (MADA), une commande vectorielle amelioree a ete proposee en prenant en compte la dynamique du flux statorique engendree par la chute de tension. Les performances superieures en terme de maintient de la production ont ete etablies par comparaison avec la methode de commande classique. Son domaine d’utilisation a ete egalement determine.Pendant les creux de tension importants, une protection materielle (crowbar) est implementee avec un controle de la demagnetisation de la MADA. En outre, de la puissance reactive peut etre produite a la fois par la MADA et par le convertisseur connecte au reseau electrique au cours de la defaillance du reseau.Un controle vectoriel a hysteresis des courants pour les deux convertisseurs electroniques multiniveaux est propose et evalue pour ameliorer la reponse dynamique de ces convertisseurs et pour reduire les effets des variations des parametres sur les performances de la commande. Selon la duree du defaut, des objectifs differents de controle doivent etre realises en priorite pour empecher des surintensites rotoriques et pour fournir de la puissance reactive. Une reconfiguration complete du dispositif de commande de cette eolienne est detaillee pour renforcer le maintient de la production eolienne lors de defaillances

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