Impact of small group discussions on knowledge and attitudes of resident clinicians towards adverse drug reaction reporting in a tertiary care teaching hospital

Introduction: Adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting is largely dependent on spontaneous reporting by clinicians and health care teams. This in turn depends on their knowledge and attitudes. There is a need to develop sustainable, feasible and effective educational methods in order to improve ADR reporting rates. Aim: To obtain baseline information regarding knowledge, attitudes and practice (KAP) of resident clinicians working in a tertiary care teaching hospital in respect to Pharmacovigilance activity and to demonstrate the effects of an educational intervention on knowledge and attitude components. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective questionairre based interventional study. Two questionnaires were given before and after the intervention to 43 doctors across different levels of residency. Educational intervention had comprised of a 20-30 minute small group discussion on Pharmacovigilance. The questionnaire was structured to address the core objectives through 10 questions related to knowledge, 16 questions related to attitude and 2 questions related to practice. Descriptive statistics like mean, standard deviation, frequencies and percentages were used to analyze data. Statistical tests like t-test and Chi2 tests were used to examine group differences. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: The small group discussion brought about a significant change in response from before intervention to after intervention in 80% “knowledge” questions, and 46.15% “attitude” questions. The change in response to “knowledge” questions was highly significant, very significant, significant and not significant in 6 (60%), 1 (10%), 1 (10%), and 2 (20%) questions respectively. The change in response to “attitude” questions was highly significant, very significant, significant and not significant in 1 (7.69%), 2 (15.38%), 3 (23.08%), and 7 (53.85%) questions respectively. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate the need for and establish the effectiveness of educational interventions like small group discussions in improving knowledge and attitudes of resident clinicians in regards to adverse drug reaction reporting.

[1]  Lense Temesgen Gurmesa,et al.  Factors Affecting Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting of Healthcare Professionals and Their Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice towards ADR Reporting in Nekemte Town, West Ethiopia , 2016, BioMed research international.

[2]  V. Kalaiselvan,et al.  Pharmacovigilance Programme of India: Recent developments and future perspectives , 2016, Indian journal of pharmacology.

[3]  Fakhsheena Anjum,et al.  Pakistani physicians knowledge and attitude towards reporting adverse drug reactions , 2014 .

[4]  M. Alomar.  Factors affecting the development of adverse drug reactions (Review article). , 2014, Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society.

[5]  R. Kale,et al.  IMPACT OF EDUCATIONAL INTERVENTION ON KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE AND PRACTICE OF PHARMACOVIGILANCE AMONG MEDICAL GRADUATES OF RURAL TERTIARY CARE, TEACHING HOSPITAL OF CENTRAL INDIA , 2013 .

[6]  S. Sontakke,et al.  Evaluation of awareness about pharmacovigilance and adverse drug reaction monitoring in resident doctors of a tertiary care teaching hospital. , 2012, Indian journal of medical sciences.

[7]  A. Keshtkar,et al.  Improvement of knowledge, attitude and perception of healthcare workers about ADR, a pre- and post-clinical pharmacists' interventional study , 2012, BMJ Open.

[8]  R. Dikshit,et al.  An evaluation of knowledge, attitude, and practice of adverse drug reaction reporting among prescribers at a tertiary care hospital , 2011, Perspectives in clinical research.

[9]  S. Hägg,et al.  Impact of information letters on the reporting rate of adverse drug reactions and the quality of the reports: a randomized controlled study , 2011, BMC clinical pharmacology.

[10]  Viraj Suvarna,et al.  Phase IV of Drug Development , 2010, Perspectives in clinical research.

[11]  K. Oshikoya,et al.  Perceptions of doctors to adverse drug reaction reporting in a teaching hospital in Lagos, Nigeria , 2009, BMC clinical pharmacology.

[12]  N. Moore,et al.  Frequency and cost of serious adverse drug reactions in a department of general medicine. , 1998, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

[13]  Rawlins,et al.  Attitudinal survey of adverse drug reaction reporting by medical practitioners in the United Kingdom. , 1995, British journal of clinical pharmacology.

[14]  K. Davison,et al.  DRUGS: International Drug Monitoring: The Role of National Centres. , 1973, British Journal of Psychiatry.

[15]  S. A. Basha,et al.  Pharmacovigilance Programme of India , 2015 .

[16]  N. Simbak,et al.  A Systematic Review of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Adverse Drug Reactions and Pharmacovigilance among Doctors , 2014 .

[17]  D. Kr,et al.  Adverse drug reaction reporting among clinicians in a teaching hospital in South Karnataka , 2014 .

[18]  S. Khan,et al.  Knowledge, attitudes, and practice of doctors to adverse drug reaction reporting in a teaching hospital in India: An observational study , 2013, Journal of natural science, biology, and medicine.

[19]  V. Pandit,et al.  Perception of pharmacovigilance among doctors in a tertiary care hospital: influence of an interventional lecture. , 2013, The International journal of risk & safety in medicine.

[20]  P. Gupta,et al.  Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting and Pharmacovigilance: Knowledge, Attitudes and Perceptions amongst Resident Doctors , 2011 .

[21]  D. Chopra,et al.  Knowledge, attitude and practices associated with adverse drug reaction reporting amongst doctors in a teaching hospital. , 2011, The International journal of risk & safety in medicine.

[22]  International drug monitoring: the role of national centres. Report of a WHO meeting. , 1972, World Health Organization technical report series.