Investigation of Torque Characteristics in a Novel Permanent Magnet Flux Switching Machine With an Outer-Rotor Configuration

This paper comprehensively investigates the torque characteristics of a novel permanent magnet flux switching (PMFS) machine with outer-rotor configuration. Due to the nature of severe magnetic saturations in the machine, it is of particular interest to ascertain the extent of impact of the load conditions on the overall torque output as well as its component parts. The frozen permeability techniques are implemented in finite element analysis (FEA) to segregate the output torque of the outer-rotor PMFS machine into three parts: cogging torque, reluctance torque, and permanent magnet torque. 2-D FEA is first employed to reveal the effects of phase current amplitudes and angles on those three torque components as well as the overall torque, while the 3-D FEA is carried out to further uncover the influences of end effects on the torque characteristics of the machine. Finally, experimental tests on a prototype machine are performed to validate the torque characteristic predictions by FEA.

[1]  Z.Q. Zhu,et al.  A simple method for measuring cogging torque in permanent magnet machines , 2009, 2009 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting.

[2]  J. Nerg,et al.  Effect of Lamination Stack Ends and Radial Cooling Channels on No-Load Voltage and Inductances of Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Machines , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.

[3]  D. Howe,et al.  Analysis of electromagnetic performance of flux-switching permanent-magnet Machines by nonlinear adaptive lumped parameter magnetic circuit model , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.

[4]  Z. Zhu,et al.  A Novel Axial Field Flux-Switching Permanent Magnet Wind Power Generator , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.

[5]  D. Howe,et al.  Stator and Rotor Pole Combinations for Multi-Tooth Flux-Switching Permanent-Magnet Brushless AC Machines , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.

[6]  Johannes J. H. Paulides,et al.  Analytical Hybrid Model for Flux Switching Permanent Magnet Machines , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.

[7]  Chris Gerada,et al.  Design Considerations for a Fault-Tolerant Flux-Switching Permanent-Magnet Machine , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[8]  M. Gabsi,et al.  Design of a Flux-Switching Electrical Generator for Wind Turbine Systems , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[9]  B. Mecrow,et al.  Permanent-Magnet Flux-Switching Synchronous Motor Employing a Segmental Rotor , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[10]  C. Cossar,et al.  Flux-linkage calculation in permanent-magnet motors using the frozen permeabilities method , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.

[11]  Z.Q. Zhu,et al.  Segregation of torque components in fractional-slot concentrated-winding interior PM machines using frozen permeability , 2009, 2009 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition.

[12]  Zhiquan Deng,et al.  A Multi-Tooth Fault-Tolerant Flux-Switching Permanent-Magnet Machine With Twisted-Rotor , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.

[13]  Z. Zhu,et al.  Average Torque Separation in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines Using Frozen Permeability , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.

[14]  Gyu-Hong Kang,et al.  Improved parameter modeling of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor based on finite element analysis , 2000 .

[15]  W. Q. Chu,et al.  On-Load Cogging Torque Calculation in Permanent Magnet Machines , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.

[16]  Kaiyuan Lu,et al.  Single-Phase Hybrid Switched Reluctance Motor for Low-Power Low-Cost Applications , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.

[17]  M. Sanada,et al.  Power characteristics of a permanent magnet flux switching generator for a low-speed wind turbine , 2010, The 2010 International Power Electronics Conference - ECCE ASIA -.

[18]  T. Sebastian,et al.  Design considerations of sinusoidally excited permanent magnet machines for low torque ripple applications , 2004, Conference Record of the 2004 IEEE Industry Applications Conference, 2004. 39th IAS Annual Meeting..

[19]  Z. Zhu,et al.  Advanced Flux-Switching Permanent Magnet Brushless Machines , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.

[20]  Andrew M. Knight,et al.  Performance of skewed single phase line-start permanent magnet motors , 1997, IAS '97. Conference Record of the 1997 IEEE Industry Applications Conference Thirty-Second IAS Annual Meeting.

[21]  J.X. Shen,et al.  Novel Permanent Magnet Switching Flux Motors , 2006, Proceedings of the 41st International Universities Power Engineering Conference.

[22]  Dieter Gerling,et al.  Magnetic radial force density of the PM machine with 12-teeth/10-poles winding topology , 2009, 2009 IEEE International Electric Machines and Drives Conference.

[23]  Xinghuo Yu,et al.  Theoretical Research on New Laminated Structure Flux Switching Permanent Magnet Machine for Novel Topologic Plug-In Hybrid Electrical Vehicle , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.

[24]  N. Bianchi,et al.  Magnetic models of saturated interior permanent magnet motors based on finite element analysis , 1998, Conference Record of 1998 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. Thirty-Third IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.98CH36242).

[25]  C. Pollock,et al.  A permanent magnet flux switching motor for low energy axial fans , 2005, Fourtieth IAS Annual Meeting. Conference Record of the 2005 Industry Applications Conference, 2005..

[26]  Weizhong Fei,et al.  A Novel Permanent-Magnet Flux Switching Machine With an Outer-Rotor Configuration for In-Wheel Light Traction Applications , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[27]  D. Howe,et al.  Three-Dimensional Lumped-Parameter Magnetic Circuit Analysis of Single-Phase Flux-Switching Permanent-Magnet Motor , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[28]  Jae-Kwang Kim,et al.  Characteristic analysis of multilayer-buried magnet synchronous motor using fixed permeability method , 2005 .

[29]  T. Fukami,et al.  Causes of increase in the terminal voltage of a permanent-magnet-assisted salient-pole synchronous machine , 2009, 2009 International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems.

[30]  Zou Jibin,et al.  Finite element calculation of the saturation DQ-axes inductance for a direct drive PM synchronous motor considering cross-magnetization , 2003, The Fifth International Conference on Power Electronics and Drive Systems, 2003. PEDS 2003..

[31]  P.C.K. Luk,et al.  A novel outer-rotor permanent-magnet flux-switching machine for urban electric vehicle propulsion , 2009, 2009 3rd International Conference on Power Electronics Systems and Applications (PESA).

[32]  Johannes J. H. Paulides,et al.  Modeling of Flux Switching Permanent Magnet Machines With Fourier Analysis , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Magnetics.

[33]  L. Encica,et al.  Tooth contour method implementation for the flux-switching PM machines , 2010, The XIX International Conference on Electrical Machines - ICEM 2010.

[34]  S. E. Rauch,et al.  Design Principles of Flux-Switch Alternators [includes discussion] , 1955, Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. Part III: Power Apparatus and Systems.

[35]  T.J.E. Miller,et al.  Torque prediction using the flux-MMF diagram in AC, DC, and reluctance motors , 1996 .