Examining the impacts of drivers’ emotions on takeover readiness and performance in highly automated driving

With SAE Level 3 of automation, if the AV reaches its system limit, the driver will be required to resume control of the vehicle within a short period of time (SAE, 2018). Previous studies showed that drivers had difficulty taking over control since they were decoupled from the operational level of control and did not have adequate situational awareness to deal with such an urgent event (Peterson et al., 2019). To tackle this problem, researchers have investigated the impacts of different factors on drivers’ takeover performance, including the optimal takeover request (TOR) lead time (Eriksson & Stanton, 2017), workload (Reimer & Mehler, 2011), traffic density (Padlmayr et al., 2014), scenario complexity (Gold et al., 2016), and driver’s age (Clark & Feng, 2016). Nevertheless, few studies paid sufficient attention to the influence of emotion.

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