A Person-Situation Interaction Theory of Intelligence in Outline

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the theory of intelligence in outline. It takes intelligence as a first focus, however, because of two centrally important facts; general ability differences strongly predict individual differences in learning from instruction and they also interact frequently with variations in instructional treatment in this prediction. These kinds of interactions are called aptitude-treatment interactions (ATI). The fact that ATI are ubiquitous in education emphasizes the need for a person-situation interaction theory of intelligence. Intelligence has many faces, a characteristic that is usually described as multifaceted. There are clearly multiple levels on which intellectual processes operate. Many theorists posit metacognitive as well as cognitive functions; in the Demetriou-Efklides terminology, these are hypercognitive functions. In addition, the chapter describes intelligence as hierarchical.

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