Nickel-Cadmium Battery Analysis Using Spectrogram

Most electrical power is generated by utility plants in consuming simultaneously for real time. However, in some cases, energy storage systems become crucial when power generated from sources does not fulfill peak power load demand. Due to the reason, various technologies such as rechargeable battery are beneficial options for energy storage system. Thus, the accurate data information about the battery parameter is important, to make the usage of battery is more efficient.  This paper presents the analysis of signal charging and discharging for nickel-cadmium (Ni-Cd) battery using time-frequency distribution (TFD) which is spectrogram. Spectrogram represents the signals in time-frequency representation (TFR). Based on the TFR, the signal parameters are estimated such as instantaneous voltage root mean square (RMS), instantaneous voltage direct current (V DC ) and instantaneous voltage alternating current (V AC ). Then, the signal characteristic can be calculated from the signal parameters. The framework of this paper focuses on the analysis of Ni-Cd battery with nominal battery voltage of 6 and 12V with the storage capacity from 5 to 50Ah, respectively. The battery charging and discharging is modeled using MATLAB/SIMULINK and the result shows that spectrogram is capable to identify the signal characteristic of Ni-Cd battery.

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