Kidney Retransplantation in Pediatric with Infra Renal Cave and Iliac Veins Thrombosis : Case Report and Literature Overview

Introduction: Kidney transplantation is the renal substitution therapy of choice for children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). However, 20% of patients in pediatric population after the first transplant suffer from graft loss and require retransplantation. Usually, vascular thrombosis is associated with long time of dialysis used after losing the allograft. Hence, it is important to find the best alternative technique to perform the retransplantation. The aim of this work was to evaluate the outcome of a patient that required a retransplantation with cave vein thrombosis in a Pediatric center. Case presentation: Female of 13year-old with ESRD had kidney transplantation and six years after, she lost the graft due to acute rejection. She had maintained on haemodialysis therapy and required a retransplant. The mesenteric vein was used as graft drainage due to a deep thrombosis of cave vein infra-renal (CVI) and left iliac vein (LIV). Follow-up observations: The patient had satisfactory outcomes with decreased serum creatinine levels to normal creatinine (0.55mg/ dl) at two weeks following the retransplant without clinical characteristics of thrombosis, gastrointestinal complications and urinary leakage. Conclusion: Thrombosis of CVI and LIV may observe currently in kidney retransplantation and superior mesenteric vein may be a good option for graft drainage.