Multicrystal approach to crystal structure solution and refinement

Abstract We present a method in which the contributions from the individual crystallites in a polycrystalline sample are separated and treated as essentially single crystal data sets. The process involves the simultaneous determination of the orientation matrices of the individual crystallites in the sample, the subsequent integration of the individual peaks, and filtering and summing of the subsequent integrated intensities, in order to arrive at a single-crystal like data set which may be treated normally. In order to demonstrate the method, we consider as a test case a small molecule structure, cupric acetate monohyrade. We show that it is possible to obtain a single-crystal quality structure solution and refinement, in which accurate anisotropic thermal parameters and hydrogen atom positions are obtained.

[1]  D. Juul Jensen,et al.  Three-dimensional maps of grain boundaries and the stress state of individual grains in polycrystals and powders , 2001 .

[2]  K. Tsuno,et al.  A contribution to the unsolved problem of a high‐tilt fully eucentric goniometer stage , 1988 .

[3]  S. Schmidt,et al.  Watching the Growth of Bulk Grains During Recrystallization of Deformed Metals. , 2004 .

[4]  Lode Wyns,et al.  Untangle, a tool for filtering overlapping diffraction patterns from multicrystals. , 2004, Acta crystallographica. Section D, Biological crystallography.

[5]  S. Fletcher,et al.  Refined crystal structure of tetra-µ-acetato-bisaquodicopper(II) , 1973 .

[6]  Gavin Vaughan,et al.  Structural refinements of the individual grains within polycrystals and powders , 2003 .

[7]  Christian Baerlocher,et al.  An Ordered Form of the Extra-Large-Pore Zeolite UTD-1: Synthesis and Structure Analysis from Powder Diffraction Data , 1999 .

[8]  Henning Friis Poulsen,et al.  Tracking: a method for structural characterization of grains in powders or polycrystals , 2001 .

[9]  Henning Friis Poulsen,et al.  Generation of grain maps by an algebraic reconstruction technique , 2003 .

[10]  Maria Cristina Burla,et al.  On the Number of Statistically Independent Observations in a Powder Diffraction Pattern , 1995 .

[11]  D. S. Sivia,et al.  Background estimation using a robust Bayesian analysis , 2001 .

[12]  Armel Le Bail,et al.  Ab-initio structure determination of LiSbWO6 by X-ray powder diffraction , 1988 .

[13]  Lynne B. McCusker,et al.  Rietveld refinement guidelines , 1999 .

[14]  Jack D. Dunitz,et al.  X-Ray Analysis and the Structure of Organic Molecules , 1979 .

[15]  Maria Cristina Burla,et al.  SIRPOW.92 – a program for automatic solution of crystal structures by direct methods optimized for powder data , 1994 .

[16]  McCusker,et al.  Single-crystal-like diffraction data from polycrystalline materials , 1999, Science.

[17]  S. Zwaag,et al.  Grain Nucleation and Growth During Phase Transformations , 2002, Science.

[18]  H. Poulsen,et al.  Three-Dimensional X-Ray Diffraction Microscopy Using High-Energy X-Rays , 2004 .

[19]  R. Blessing Outlier Treatment in Data Merging , 1997 .

[20]  S. Fletcher,et al.  REFINED CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF TETRA-MU-ACETATO-BISAQUODICOPPER(II) , 1974 .

[21]  Henning Friis Poulsen,et al.  A six-dimensional approach to microtexture analysis , 2003 .

[22]  J. Lehn,et al.  Self-assembly, structure, and dynamic interconversion of metallosupramolecular architectures generated by Pb(II) binding-induced unfolding of a helical ligand. , 2003, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[23]  J. W. Visser A fully automatic program for finding the unit cell from powder data , 1969 .

[24]  Maria Cristina Burla,et al.  SIR92 – a program for automatic solution of crystal structures by direct methods , 1994 .

[25]  H. Poulsen,et al.  In Situ Measurement of Grain Rotation During Deformation of Polycrystals , 2001, Science.

[26]  Henning Friis Poulsen,et al.  Three-Dimensional X-Ray Diffraction Microscopy , 2004 .

[27]  E. Tillmanns,et al.  The equivalent isotropic displacement factor , 1988 .

[28]  Henning Friis Poulsen,et al.  Lattice rotations of individual bulk grains. Part I: 3D X-ray characterization , 2003 .