The Gain-Loss Model: A formal model for assessing learning processes

The thesis presents the Gain-Loss Model, a formal model for assessing learning processes. The theoretical framework is knowledge space theory, which is a novel approach to the assessment of knowledge proposed by Doignon and Falmagne in 1985. The Gain-Loss Model assesses the knowledge of students in the different steps of the learning process, and the effectiveness of educational interventions in promoting specific learning. The core element is represented by a skill multimap associating each problem with a collection of subsets of skills that are necessary and sufficient to solve it. The model is characterized by parameters which provide information relevant at different levels of didactic practice. The model has been the subject of investigation at different levels. Its functioning has been analyzed under different conditions, and theoretical developments have been proposed for improving its informative power in practical applications. The investigations have been conducted through simulated studies and empirical applications. The thesis presents the work completed on the model. On one hand, the theoretical development of the model itself, as well as some extensions of it, are described. On the other hand, the results of the simulation studies and the empirical applications are presented and discussed.