Evaluating female remating rates in light of spermatophore degradation in Heliconius butterflies: pupal‐mating monandry versus adult‐mating polyandry

1. Butterflies are frequently used in comparative studies of sexual selection because of their diverse mating systems. In Heliconius, the two major clades in the genus are characterised by contrasting pupal‐mating and adult‐mating strategies. Adult‐mating females are considered to be promiscuous whereas pupal‐mating females are thought to be monandrous.

[1]  G. Hurst,et al.  Remating in the laboratory reflects rates of polyandry in the wild , 2011, Animal Behaviour.

[2]  L. Gilbert,et al.  SEXUAL SELECTION DRIVES THE EVOLUTION OF ANTIAPHRODISIAC PHEROMONES IN BUTTERFLIES , 2011, Evolution; international journal of organic evolution.

[3]  J. Walters,et al.  DECOUPLING OF RAPID AND ADAPTIVE EVOLUTION AMONG SEMINAL FLUID PROTEINS IN HELICONIUS BUTTERFLIES WITH DIVERGENT MATING SYSTEMS , 2011, Evolution; international journal of organic evolution.

[4]  Blanca E. Hernández-Baños,et al.  The Evolution of a Female Genital Trait Widely Distributed in the Lepidoptera: Comparative Evidence for an Effect of Sexual Coevolution , 2011, PloS one.

[5]  M. Rhainds.  Female mating failures in insects , 2010 .

[6]  J. Slate,et al.  Natural and Sexual Selection in a Wild Insect Population , 2010, Science.

[7]  L. Gilbert,et al.  Prenuptial agreements: mating frequency predicts gift‐giving in Heliconius species , 2009 .

[8]  E. H. Morrow,et al.  Direct observation of female mating frequency using time-lapse photography , 2009, Fly.

[9]  Klaus Reinhardt,et al.  Field mating rate of female meadow grasshoppers, Chorthippus parallelus, estimated from sperm counts , 2007 .

[10]  J. Mallet,et al.  Do pollen feeding, pupal-mating and larval gregariousness have a single origin in Heliconius butterflies? Inferences from multilocus DNA sequence data , 2007 .

[11]  T. Chapman,et al.  Sex Peptide Causes Mating Costs in Female Drosophila melanogaster , 2005, Current Biology.

[12]  A. Clark,et al.  Remating and sperm displacement in a natural population of Drosophila buzzatii inferred from mother–offspring analysis of microsatellite loci , 2004, Journal of evolutionary biology.

[13]  C. Gillott.  Male accessory gland secretions: modulators of female reproductive physiology and behavior. , 2003, Annual review of entomology.

[14]  C. Wiklund,et al.  Monandry and polyandry as alternative lifestyles in a butterfly , 2002 .

[15]  G. Arnqvist,et al.  Sexual conflict promotes speciation in insects. , 2000, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[16]  G. Arnqvist,et al.  The evolution of polyandry: multiple mating and female fitness in insects , 2000, Animal Behaviour.

[17]  C. Penz.  Higher level phylogeny for the passion‐vine butterflies (Nymphalidae, Heliconiinae) based on early stage and adult morphology , 1999 .

[18]  T. Eisner,et al.  Sexually transmitted chemical defense in a moth (Utetheisa ornatrix). , 1999, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[19]  K. Vahed.  The function of nuptial feeding in insects: a review of empirical studies , 1998 .

[20]  S. Lewis,et al.  THE FORMATION, TRANSFER, AND FATE OF SPERMATOPHORES IN PHOTINUS FIREFLIES (COLEOPTERA: LAMPYRIDAE) , 1997 .

[21]  C. Boggs.  A General Model of the Role of Male-Donated Nutrients in Female Insects' Reproduction , 1990, The American Naturalist.

[22]  H. Quintero.  Population dynamics of the butterfly heliconius charitonius l. in puerto rico , 1988 .

[23]  S. Rice.  Spermatophores. Development, Structure, Biochemical Attributes and Role in the Transfer of Spermatozoa. Zoophysiology, Volume 15. Thaddeus Mann , D. S. Farner , B. Heinrich , 1985 .

[24]  C. Boggs.  SELECTION PRESSURES AFFECTING MALE NUTRIENT INVESTMENT AT MATING IN HELICONIINE BUTTERFLIES , 1981, Evolution; international journal of organic evolution.

[25]  L. Gilbert,et al.  Male Contribution to Egg Production in Butterflies: Evidence for Transfer of Nutrients at Mating , 1979, Science.

[26]  L. Gilbert.  Postmating female odor in Heliconius butterflies: a male-contributed antiaphrodisiac? , 1976, Science.

[27]  L. Cook,et al.  Population structure dynamics and dispersal of the tropical butterfly heliconius charitonius , 1976 .

[28]  T. E. Pliske.  Factors Determining Mating Frequencies in Some New World Butterflies and Skippers , 1973 .

[29]  J. M. Burns,et al.  Mating frequency in natural population of skippers and butterflies as determined by spermatophore counts. , 1968, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[30]  T. Tregenza,et al.  Monogamy and the battle of the sexes. , 2009, Annual review of entomology.

[31]  L. Gilbert,et al.  An Antiaphrodisiac in Heliconius melpomene Butterflies , 2007, Journal of Chemical Ecology.

[32]  A. Boyko.  The evolution of warning coloration in Heliconius butterflies , 2005 .

[33]  L. Gilbert,et al.  Mate competition in butterflies , 1994, Nature.

[34]  Boyce A. Drummmond.  9 – Multiple Mating and Sperm Competition in the Lepidoptera , 1984 .

[35]  C. Starr,et al.  Sperm competition and the evolution of animal mating systems , 1984 .

[36]  J. Huignard.  Transfer and fate of male secretions deposited in the spermatophore of females of Acanthoscelides obtectus Say (Coleoptera Bruchidae) , 1983 .

[37]  K. S. Brown.  THE BIOLOGY OF HELICONIUS AND RELATED GENERA , 1981 .

[38]  James A Scott.  Mating of Butterflies , 1972, The Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera.

[39]  G. Parker,et al.  SPERM COMPETITION AND ITS EVOLUTIONARY CONSEQUENCES IN THE INSECTS , 1970 .

[40]  A. Bateman,et al.  Intra-sexual selection in Drosophila , 1948, Heredity.