Activation and inhibition of Hageman factor-dependent pathways and the complement system in uncomplicated bacteremia or bacterial shock.

Levels of components of the contact activation, coagulation, and complement systems and their main inhibitors were measured in 45 critically ill patients during 61 episodes of uncomplicated bacteremia or bacterial shock. Levels of Hageman factor (factor XII), prekallikrein, high-molecular-weight kininogen, factor XI, factor VII, total hemolytic complement, alternative pathway activity, and C3 were within the normal range during uncomplicated bacteremia (n = 29), but during fatal bacterial shock (n = 13) a significant decrease by 40%-50% was observed in all measurements. During nonfatal bacterial shock (n = 19) a moderate decrease was observed in most of these measurements. The capacity of plasma to inactivate kallikrein was significantly higher during bacteremia than during bacterial shock because of a significant increase in the level of C1 esterase inhibitor. Levels of antithrombin III and alpha 2-macroglobulin were below normal in all groups. Thus increased inhibition of the contact activation and complement systems is beneficial during bacteremia.

[1]  R. Colman,et al.  Inactivation of factor XII active fragment in normal plasma. Predominant role of C-1-inhibitor. , 1984, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[2]  J. Verhoef,et al.  Activation of purified human plasma prekallikrein triggered by cell wall fractions of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. , 1983, The Journal of infectious diseases.

[3]  H. Verbrugh,et al.  Neutrophil function, serum opsonic activity, and delayed hypersensitivity in surgical patients. , 1982, Surgery.

[4]  B. Bouma,et al.  The contact activation mechanism in human plasma: activation induced by dextran sulfate. , 1982, Blood.

[5]  M. Gallimore,et al.  Simple chromogenic peptide substrate assays for determining prekallikrein, kallikrein inhibition and kallikrein "like" activity in human plasma. , 1982, Thrombosis research.

[6]  R. Ziccardi.  Activation of the early components of the classical complement pathway under physiologic conditions. , 1981, Journal of immunology.

[7]  J. Griffin,et al.  Immunochemical studies of human high molecular weight kininogen and of its complexes with plasma prekallikrein or kallikrein. , 1980, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[8]  J. Griffin,et al.  Human plasma prekallikrein. Studies of its activation by activated factor XII and of its inactivation by diisopropyl phosphofluoridate. , 1980, Biochemistry.

[9]  W. R. Mccabe,et al.  Gram-negative bacteremia: IV. Re-evaluation of clinical features and treatment in 612 patients , 1980 .

[10]  H. Verbrugh,et al.  Role of Escherichia coli K capsular antigens during complement activation, C3 fixation, and opsonization , 1979, Infection and immunity.

[11]  H. Verbrugh,et al.  The role of Staphylococcus aureus cell-wall peptidoglycan, teichoic acid and protein A in the processes of complement activation and opsonization. , 1979, Immunology.

[12]  F. Cerra,et al.  The systemic septic response: does the organism matter? , 1979, Critical care medicine.

[13]  J. T. ten Cate,et al.  Antithrombin III. I. Evaluation of an automated antithrombin III method. , 1978, Thrombosis research.

[14]  R. Colman,et al.  Plasma kallikrein activation and inhibition during typhoid fever. , 1978, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[15]  K. Fujikawa,et al.  Activation of bovine factor VII (proconvertin) by factor XIIa (activated Hageman factor). , 1977, Biochemistry.

[16]  R. Colman,et al.  Kinin activation in the blood of patients with sepsis. , 1976, Surgery, gynecology & obstetrics.

[17]  J. A. Robinson,et al.  Endotoxin, prekallikrein, complement and systemic vascular resistance. Sequential measurements in man. , 1975, The American journal of medicine.

[18]  P. Schur,et al.  Activation of the properdin pathway of complement in patients with gram-negative of bacteremia. , 1975, The New England journal of medicine.

[19]  E. Hirsch,et al.  Kinin system responses in sepsis after trauma in man. , 1974, The Journal of surgical research.

[20]  D. Morrison,et al.  DIRECT EVIDENCE FOR HAGEMAN FACTOR (FACTOR XII) ACTIVATION BY BACTERIAL LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDES (ENDOTOXINS) , 1974, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[21]  K.,et al.  Inhibition by C1INH of Hagemann factor fragment activation of coagulation, fibrinolysis, and kinin generation. , 1973, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[22]  W. R. Mccabe.  Serum complement levels in bacteremia due to gram-negative organisms. , 1973, The New England journal of medicine.

[23]  K. Ohlsson.  Elimination of 125I‐Trypsin α‐Macroglobulin Complexes from Blood by Reticuloendothelial Cells in Dog , 1971 .

[24]  R. Colman,et al.  Plasma kallikrein and Hageman factor in Gram-negative bacteremia. , 1970, Annals of internal medicine.

[25]  I. Gigli,et al.  The stoichiometric measurement of the serum inhibition of the first component of complement by the inhibition of immune hemolysis. , 1968, Journal of immunology.

[26]  H. Müller-Eberhard,et al.  THE DERIVATION OF TWO DISTINCT ANAPHYLATOXIN ACTIVITIES FROM THE THIRD AND FIFTH COMPONENTS OF HUMAN COMPLEMENT , 1968, The Journal of experimental medicine.

[27]  B. Zweifach,et al.  The inflammatory process , 1966 .

[28]  J. Heremans,et al.  Immunochemical quantitation of antigens by single radial immunodiffusion. , 1965, Immunochemistry.

[29]  K. Melmon,et al.  Effects of Bradykinin on Forearm Venous Tone and Vascular Resistance in Man , 1965, Circulation research.

[30]  F van der Graaf,et al.  Inactivation of kallikrein in human plasma. , 1983, The Journal of clinical investigation.

[31]  A. Aasen,et al.  Studies of components of the coagulation systems in normal individuals and septic shock patients. , 1982, Circulatory shock.

[32]  Bouma Bn,et al.  Determination of prekallikrein using an amidolytic assay in plasma samples of critically ill patients. , 1982 .

[33]  A. Aasen,et al.  Studies on components of the plasma kallikrein-kinin system in plasma samples from normal individuals and patients with septic shock. , 1980, Advances in shock research.

[34]  J. Griffin,et al.  Human blood coagulation factor IX. Purification, properties, and mechanism of activation by activated factor XI. , 1978, The Journal of biological chemistry.

[35]  J. Griffin,et al.  [7] Human factor XII (Hageman factor) , 1976 .

[36]  P. Owren,et al.  The control of dicumarol therapy and the quantitative determination of prothrombin and proconvertin. , 1951, Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation.