Chapter 12 - Basic Chemometric Tools

Abstract The authentication of protected designation of origin and other protected geographical indications for foods involves the need for a deep knowledge of these kinds of samples and the correct identification of appropriate markers that are suitable to be used for authentication purposes. For this, significance tests must be developed and applied to provide evidence in a fast and accurate way; from this, it seems clear that advances in analytical tools, to obtain data regarding food chemical composition, and chemometric data treatments must be continued to provide to the users powerful identification methodologies. In this sense, the objective must be to differentiate between foods produced in different places and using different procedures. The simplest option could be the analysis of variance. However, in those cases where no evident differences can be identified between samples produced inside and outside PGI, the use of sophisticated chemometric tools could become mandatory.

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