Entropy Control in Cyber Physical Systems : How to Feed Maxwell ’ s Demon ?

The control of entropy in cyber physical system (CPS) is studied in order to better operate the physical dynamics of CPS. The controller is then regarded as the Maxwell’s demon that can decrease the system entropy. Due to the second law of thermodynamics, the controller needs external information communicated from sensors since the system entropy cannot be spontaneously decreased. For a finite state physical system in CPS, upper and lower bounds for the communication requirement have been derived. In particular, it is proved that more than H0 − H1 bits are needed for the controller to reduce the entropy from H0 to H1. The proposed bounds and algorithms are then demonstrated numerically in the context of smart grids.

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