Network Bridge Deck Surface Friction Testing: Issues and Performance Evaluation

Bridges play a significant role in providing safe and efficient roadway transportation. Friction performance on bridge decks is believed to be critical due to potential early freezing of precipitation on the deck surface and because accidents on bridges, in a confined space, may create more significant mobility issues. In addition, bridge deck friction is becoming one of the key factors in bridge deck preventative maintenance. As a result, the friction performance of bridge decks is becoming an increasing concern. The Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) formally started annual inventory bridge deck friction testing at the network level in 2013, which has resulted in additional efforts to enhance travel safety. This paper presents the test procedures utilized by INDOT to undertake annual inventory friction testing for bridge decks at the network level. In particular, this paper addresses the critical issues associated with friction testing on bridge decks, including test reliability, accuracy, and network performance evaluation. It was concluded that a single friction test in accordance with ASTM E274 is capable of providing a reliable test result to accurately characterize the deck surface friction performance for a typical bridge. In addition, it was found that bridge decks on interstates tend to have more friction issues than those on conventional roads such as US highways and State routes.