Cross-Layering et routage dans un réseau ad hoc : politique de relais de trame sur un réseau de capteurs sans fil organisé selon une topologie en arbre

La tendance actuelle des reseaux de capteurs sans fil est d’avoir un seul reseau supportant plusieurs applications et fournissant plusieurs QoS. Dans cette these, nous etudions les techniques de cross-layering afin d’ameliorer les performances et de fournir de la QoS. Tout d’abord, nous generalisons le concept de la methode d’acces MaCARI en proposant une architecture multi-couches ou plusieurs combinaisons de protocoles MAC-routage sont utilisees. Une file d’attente est associee a chaque combinaison, et chaque combinaison est activee pour une periode precise. Le but est de profiter de ces combinaisons pour offrir differentes QoS. Cependant, cette architecture cause un probleme de dimensionnement des periodes, ce qui a un impact sur les performances du reseau. Nous proposons, ensuite, des techniques de cross-layering en echangeant les paquets entre les differentes files d’attente afin de resoudre le probleme de dimensionnement. Durant sa periode, chaque combinaison traite tous les paquets de sa file d’attente ainsi que les paquets des files d’attente d’autres periodes. Nous montrons par simulation que notre approche ameliore les performances du reseau.

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