Adaptive Processing in a Medical Intelligent Tutoring System

CIRCSIM-Tutor v. 3 is a dialogue-based intelligent tutoring system (ITS) that uses a uniform plan operator representation to make decisions at all levels of dialogue generation. It was designed to allow dynamic adaptation to the student at five levels of detail as the (typed) conversation progresses. In this paper we describe the studies that we used to make design decisions, including analysis of transcripts of human tutoring sessions, use of C4.5/C5.0, and user studies using an earlier version of the system. We are particularly interested in distinguishing decisions that are best made using user model information from those where recent dialogue history is the most relevant input.

[1]  Reva Freedman,et al.  Responding to Unexpected Student Utterances in CIRCSIM-Tutor v.3: Analysis of Transcripts , 1998, FLAIRS.

[2]  Johanna D. Moore,et al.  Investigating Cue Selection and Placement in Tutorial Discourse , 1995, ACL.

[3]  Reva Freedman Using a Reactive Planner as the Basis for a Dialogue Agent , 2000, FLAIRS Conference.

[4]  Joel A. Michael,et al.  A Curriculum Planning Model for an Intelligent Tutoring System , 1999, FLAIRS Conference.

[5]  Candace L. Sidner,et al.  Attention, Intentions, and the Structure of Discourse , 1986, CL.

[6]  J. Sinclair,et al.  Towards an Analysis of Discourse: The English Used by Teachers and Pupils , 1975 .

[7]  Joel A. Michael,et al.  An Analysis of Multiple Tutoring Protocols , 2000, Intelligent Tutoring Systems.

[8]  Barbara Di Eugenio,et al.  A Corpus Study of Negative Imperatives in Natural Language Instructions , 1996, COLING.

[9]  Joel A. Michael,et al.  The Uses of Multiple Student Inputs in Modeling and Lesson Planning in CAI and ICAI Programs , 1992, ICCAL.

[10]  Johanna D. Moore,et al.  Learning Features that Predict Cue Usage , 1997, ACL.

[11]  Michael P. Georgeff,et al.  Decision-Making in an Embedded Reasoning System , 1989, IJCAI.

[12]  Reva Freedman,et al.  RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TUTORIAL GOALS AND SENTENCE STRUCTURE IN A CORPUS OF TUTORING TRANSCRIPTS , 1998 .

[13]  J. Sinclair,et al.  Towards an analysis of discourse , 1977 .

[14]  J. Ross Quinlan,et al.  C4.5: Programs for Machine Learning , 1992 .

[15]  E. Schegloff,et al.  Opening up Closings , 1973 .

[16]  Barbara Di Eugenio,et al.  Learning Micro-Planning Rules for Preventive Expressions , 1996, INLG.

[17]  John D. Lowrance,et al.  Planning and reacting in uncertain and dynamic environments , 1995, J. Exp. Theor. Artif. Intell..

[18]  Reva Freedman,et al.  Generating and Revising Hierarchical Multi-turn Text Plans in an ITS , 1996, Intelligent Tutoring Systems.

[19]  Reva Freedman,et al.  Learning the Use of Discourse Markers in Tutorial Dialogue for an Intelligent Tutoring System , 2000 .