An Assessment of the Control and Safety Needs of Autonomous Agricultural Vehicles and Implement Systems on Farm Property
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The progress that has been made so far in all aspects of tractor, implement control is hard to
believe and yet the completely autonomous tractor, implement system that can work on
contiguous farm property is still a long way from reality. This is primarily related to safety,
control and cost concerns. This paper highlights some of these concerns, as well as, possible
solutions. The aim should be to develop systems that are acceptable from safety and control
aspects first, cost reduction can be tackled at a later stage. Safety of the tractor, implement
system with respect to mobile and immobile animate and inanimate objects is paramount,
anywhere on the farmstead. Each location, in and around the yard, from yard to field and in the
field represent specific problems with respect to control and safety and these are highlighted.
The requirements for complete autonomous operation of a farm tractor implement system within
the whole farm environment are analyzed and assessed with respect to safety and control
requirements. It is shown that the problems of developing completely safe autonomous vehicle,
implement systems are specific to each class of equipment, each farm with its geology,
topography, pedology, climate and each management system within the farm. The objective is to
ensure that the system operates safely wherever it is expected to perform on the farm, without
causing damage to animate or inanimate objects. The various sensor and control systems
required, are highlighted together with their advantages, disadvantages and relative costs.