Wollastonite Carbonation in Water-Bearing Supercritical CO2: Effects of Particle Size.

The performance of geologic CO2 sequestration (GCS) can be affected by CO2 mineralization and changes in the permeability of geologic formations resulting from interactions between water-bearing supercritical CO2 (scCO2) and silicates in reservoir rocks. However, without an understanding of the size effects, the findings in previous studies using nanometer- or micrometer-size particles cannot be applied to the bulk rock in field sites. In this study, we report the effects of particle sizes on the carbonation of wollastonite (CaSiO3) at 60 °C and 100 bar in water-bearing scCO2. After normalization by the surface area, the thickness of the reacted wollastonite layer on the surfaces was independent of particle sizes. After 20 h, the reaction was not controlled by the kinetics of surface reactions but by the diffusion of water-bearing scCO2 across the product layer on wollastonite surfaces. Among the products of reaction, amorphous silica, rather than calcite, covered the wollastonite surface and acted as a diffusion barrier to water-bearing scCO2. The product layer was not highly porous, with a specific surface area 10 times smaller than that of the altered amorphous silica formed at the wollastonite surface in aqueous solution. These findings can help us evaluate the impacts of mineral carbonation in water-bearing scCO2.

[1]  Irina Gaus,et al.  Role and impact of CO2–rock interactions during CO2 storage in sedimentary rocks , 2010 .

[2]  Gandossi Luca,et al.  An overview of hydraulic fracturing and other formation stimulation technologies for shale gas production , 2013 .

[3]  Qingyun Li,et al.  Nanoscale Chemical Processes Affecting Storage Capacities and Seals during Geologic CO2 Sequestration. , 2017, Accounts of chemical research.

[4]  J. Guigner,et al.  Mechanism of wollastonite carbonation deduced from micro- to nanometer length scale observations , 2009 .

[5]  Dongxiao Zhang,et al.  Comprehensive review of caprock-sealing mechanisms for geologic carbon sequestration. , 2013, Environmental science & technology.

[6]  C. Werth,et al.  Impacts of geochemical reactions on geologic carbon sequestration. , 2013, Environmental science & technology.

[7]  Xiuyu Wang,et al.  Reactivity of dolomite in water-saturated supercritical carbon dioxide: Significance for carbon capture and storage and for enhanced oil and gas recovery , 2013 .

[8]  H. Shao,et al.  Effects of salinity and the extent of water on supercritical CO2-induced phlogopite dissolution and secondary mineral formation. , 2011, Environmental science & technology.

[9]  Jérôme Corvisier,et al.  Carbonation of Ca-bearing silicates, the case of wollastonite: Experimental investigations and kinetic modeling , 2009 .

[10]  B. Garcia,et al.  The effect of silica coatings on the weathering rates of wollastonite (CaSiO3) and forsterite (Mg2SiO4): an apparent paradox? , 2010 .

[11]  M. Engelhard,et al.  The role of H2O in the carbonation of forsterite in supercritical CO2 , 2011 .

[12]  B. Arey,et al.  Formation of Submicron Magnesite during Reaction of Natural Forsterite in H2O-Saturated Supercritical CO2 , 2014 .

[13]  Young-Shin Jun,et al.  Effects of Al/Si ordering on feldspar dissolution: Part II. The pH dependence of plagioclases' dissolution rates , 2014 .

[14]  B. Arey,et al.  Reaction of water-saturated supercritical CO2 with forsterite: Evidence for magnesite formation at low temperatures , 2012 .

[15]  O. Pokrovsky,et al.  Formation, growth and transformation of leached layers during silicate minerals dissolution: The example of wollastonite , 2012 .

[16]  R. Howie,et al.  An Introduction to the Rock-Forming Minerals , 1966 .

[17]  Young-Shin Jun,et al.  A mechanistic understanding of plagioclase dissolution based on Al occupancy and T-O bond length: from geologic carbon sequestration to ambient conditions. , 2013, Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP.

[18]  B. Arey,et al.  Forsterite [Mg2SiO4)] carbonation in wet supercritical CO2: an in situ high-pressure X-ray diffraction study. , 2013, Environmental science & technology.

[19]  David R. Cole,et al.  Potential environmental issues of CO2 storage in deep saline aquifers: Geochemical results from the Frio-I Brine Pilot test, Texas, USA , 2009 .

[20]  W. W. Owens,et al.  A Laboratory Evaluation of the Wettability of Fifty Oil-Producing Reservoirs , 1972 .

[21]  Young-Shin Jun,et al.  Effects of Al/Si ordering on feldspar dissolution: Part I. Crystallographic control on the stoichiometry of dissolution reaction , 2014 .

[22]  Thierry Epicier,et al.  Unifying natural and laboratory chemical weathering with interfacial dissolution–reprecipitation: A study based on the nanometer-scale chemistry of fluid–silicate interfaces , 2012 .

[23]  E. Ilton,et al.  In situ infrared spectroscopic study of forsterite carbonation in wet supercritical CO2. , 2011, Environmental science & technology.

[24]  Hua Guo,et al.  Mineralogical evolution of Fe–Si-rich layers at the olivine-water interface during carbonation reactions , 2015 .

[25]  L. Kovarik,et al.  Fayalite Dissolution and Siderite Formation in Water-Saturated Supercritical CO2 , 2012 .

[26]  M. Bowden,et al.  Impacts of organic ligands on forsterite reactivity in supercritical CO2 fluids. , 2015, Environmental science & technology.

[27]  D. Hoyt,et al.  Insights into silicate carbonation processes in water-bearing supercritical CO2 fluids , 2013 .

[28]  I. Gaus,et al.  Reactive transport modelling of the impact of CO2 injection on the clayey cap rock at Sleipner (North Sea) , 2005 .

[29]  Reza Barati,et al.  A review of fracturing fluid systems used for hydraulic fracturing of oil and gas wells , 2014 .

[30]  Hongfei Lin,et al.  Experimental evaluation of interactions in supercritical CO2/water/rock minerals system under geologic CO2 sequestration conditions , 2008 .

[31]  Mónica Alonso,et al.  Reactivity of highly cycled particles of CaO in a carbonation/calcination loop , 2008 .

[32]  Grant Walter Nevison,et al.  Improved Unconventional Gas Recovery With Energized Fracturing Fluids: Montney Example , 2011 .

[33]  K. Rosso,et al.  Comparative reactivity study of forsterite and antigorite in wet supercritical CO2 by in situ infrared spectroscopy , 2013 .

[34]  Young-Shin Jun,et al.  Structure-dependent interactions between alkali feldspars and organic compounds: implications for reactions in geologic carbon sequestration. , 2013, Environmental science & technology.

[35]  K. Knauss,et al.  The role of Fe and redox conditions in olivine carbonation rates: An experimental study of the rate limiting reactions at 90 and 150 °C in open and closed systems , 2013 .

[36]  G. Likens,et al.  Dissolution of wollastonite during the experimental manipulation of Hubbard Brook Watershed 1 , 2004 .

[37]  Sam J. Garbis,et al.  The Utility of CO2 as an Energizing Component for Fracturing Fluids , 1986 .

[38]  O. Pokrovsky,et al.  Effect of organic ligands and heterotrophic bacteria on wollastonite dissolution kinetics , 2009, American Journal of Science.

[39]  Thomas L. Davis,et al.  Greenhouse gas sequestration in abandoned oil reservoirs: The International Energy Agency Weyburn pilot project , 2004 .

[40]  Karsten Pruess,et al.  CO2-H2O mixtures in the geological sequestration of CO2. I. Assessment and calculation of mutual solubilities from 12 to 100°C and up to 600 bar , 2003 .

[41]  P. Whitfield,et al.  In situ laboratory X-ray powder diffraction study of wollastonite carbonation using a high-pressure stage , 2009 .

[42]  F. Guyot,et al.  The deleterious effect of secondary phases on olivine carbonation yield: Insight from time-resolved aqueous-fluid sampling and FIB-TEM characterization , 2013 .

[43]  Young-Shin Jun,et al.  Plagioclase dissolution during CO₂-SO₂ cosequestration: effects of sulfate. , 2015, Environmental science & technology.

[44]  Herbert T. Schaef,et al.  Water reactivity in the liquid and supercritical CO2 phase: Has half the story been neglected? , 2009 .

[45]  H. N. Black,et al.  Energized Fracturing With 50% CO2 for Improved Hydrocarbon Recovery , 1982 .

[46]  John W. Anthony,et al.  Handbook of mineralogy , 1990 .