Recurrent breeding method enhances the level of blackspot (Didymella pinodes (Berk. & Blox.) Vestergr.) resistance in field pea (Pisum sativum L.) in southern Australia

Blackspot, caused by Didymella pinodes (Berk. & Blox.)Vestergr., is one of the most important diseases of field pea, causing significant reduction in seed yield and quality in southern Australia and in other parts of the world. Development of resistant germplasm has been slow because of the low level of resistance found in the available germplasm, poor reliability of screening methods and the polygenic nature of inheritance. Crosses were made between agronomically suitable lines and resistant germplasm from different sources. Their progeny were advanced through the single seed descent method and single plants were selected at F4/F5. The F4/F5 derived lines were screened against blackspot in the field under disease pressure and evaluated for grain yield at multilocations over 2 years. Despite the low level of resistance in the parental germplasm, the level of resistance has increased significantly in the new germplasm. Many of the resistant lines were late and low yielding, but lines with higher resistance and early flowering and high yield potential were also identified indicating that the disease resistance, adaptation and yield potential can be combined. However, the resistance identified in this study is only partial and suitable agronomic practices may need to be supplemented to minimise the yield loss and enhance the benefits of this partial resistance.

[1]  M. Salam,et al.  Relationship between ascochyta blight on field pea (Pisum sativum) and spore release patterns of Didymella pinodes and other causal agents of ascochyta blight , 2013 .

[2]  K. Siddique,et al.  Didymella pinodes and its management in field pea: Challenges and opportunities , 2013 .

[3]  P. Finnegan,et al.  First Report of Black Spot Caused by Boeremia exigua var. exigua on Field Pea in Australia. , 2012, Plant disease.

[4]  Herdina,et al.  Distribution and Survival of Ascochyta Blight Pathogens in Field-Pea-Cropping Soils of Australia. , 2011, Plant disease.

[5]  A. Diggle,et al.  Predicting regional-scale spread of ascospores of Didymella pinodes causing ascochyta blight disease on field pea , 2011, Australasian Plant Pathology.

[6]  A. Leonforte,et al.  Combining management and breeding advances to improve field pea (Pisum sativum L.) grain yields under changing climatic conditions in south-eastern Australia , 2011, Euphytica.

[7]  J. Marcinkowska,et al.  Assessment of Selected Pea Genotypes Reaction to Ascochyta Blight under Field Conditions and the Impact of Disease Severity on Yield Components , 2010 .

[8]  B. Cullis,et al.  Enhanced diagnostics for the spatial analysis of field trials , 2009 .

[9]  Huaan Yang,et al.  Identification of anthracnose resistance in Lupinus albus L. and its transfer from landraces to modern cultivars , 2009 .

[10]  G. McDonald,et al.  Effects of crop rotation, residue retention and sowing time on the incidence and survival of ascochyta blight and its effect on grain yield of field peas (Pisum sativum L.). , 2009 .

[11]  Herdina,et al.  A new species of Phoma causes ascochyta blight symptoms on field peas (Pisum sativum) in South Australia , 2009, Mycologia.

[12]  C. Beeck,et al.  Two Cycles of Recurrent Selection Lead to Simultaneous Improvement in Black Spot Resistance and Stem Strength in Field Pea , 2008 .

[13]  B. Gossen,et al.  Genetic Resistance to Mycosphaerella pinodes in 558 Field Pea Accessions , 2006 .

[14]  T. Price,et al.  The epidemiology and control of ascochyta blight in field peas: a review , 2006 .

[15]  G. Timmerman-Vaughan,et al.  Validation of quantitative trait loci for Ascochyta blight resistance in pea (Pisum sativum L.), using populations from two crosses , 2004, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[16]  J. Wroth.  Evidence suggests that Mycosphaerella pinodes infection of Pisum sativum is inherited as a quantitative trait , 1999, Euphytica.

[17]  Roger W. Payne,et al.  Comparison of Nested Simulated Annealing and Reactive Tabu Search for Efficient Experimental Designs with Correlated Data , 2002, COMPSTAT.

[18]  T. Warkentin,et al.  Partial resistance to Mycosphaerella pinodes in field pea , 2001 .

[19]  J. Davidson,et al.  Pea yield decline syndrome in South Australia: the role of diseases and the impact of agronomic practices , 2000 .

[20]  T. Price,et al.  Effect of sowing date on the severity of ascochyta blight in field peas (Pisum sativum L.) grown in the Wimmera region of Victoria , 2000 .

[21]  J. Wroth.  Possible role for wild genotypes of Pisum spp. to enhance ascochyta blight resistance in pea , 1998 .

[22]  Brian R. Cullis,et al.  Accounting for natural and extraneous variation in the analysis of field experiments , 1997 .

[23]  Hans-Peter Piepho,et al.  ANALYZING GENOTYPE-ENVIRONMENT DATA BY MIXED MODELS WITH MULTIPLICATIVE TERMS , 1997 .

[24]  T. Price,et al.  Effect of Ascochyta blight on the grain yield of field peas (Pisum sativum L.) grown in southern Australia , 1995 .

[25]  C. M. Knott.  A key for stages of development of the pea (Pisum sativum) , 1987 .