Greenhouse gas reduction pathways in the UNFCCC process up to 2025 : policymakers summary and technical report

Meeting the EU objective of limiting global average temperature increase to 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels requires a peak in global greenhouse gas emissions within the next two decades. This means that early participation of developing countries in global emission control is needed, even under a significant strengthening of the commitments of Annex I countries under the Kyoto Protocol. The study has shown that it is possible to design a set of consistent rules for the attribution of the long-term emission endowments of the different world regions. The gains from participating in global emission trading and from reduced air pollution damage and/or abatement costs does substantially enhance, from a developing country perspective, the attractiveness of an early participation in a regime based on greenhouse gas reduction pathways, provided that the level and the form of their commitment is well designed so as to minimise economic risks.

[1]  Michiel Schaeffer,et al.  Responsibility for Past and Future Global Warming: Uncertainties in Attributing Anthropogenic Climate Change , 2002 .

[2]  Ulrich Bartsch,et al.  Fossil Fuels in a Changing Climate: Impacts of the Kyoto Protocol and Developing Country Participation , 2000 .

[3]  A. Meyer.  Contraction & Convergence: The Global Solution to Climate Change , 2000 .

[4]  Maximilian Posch,et al.  Impacts of climate change on critical loads and their exceedances in Europe , 2002 .

[5]  D. P. van Vuuren,et al.  Mitigation scenarios in a world oriented at sustainable development: the role of technology, efficiency and timing , 2001 .

[6]  Hadi Dowlatabadi,et al.  A REVIEW OF TECHNICAL CHANGE IN ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE POLICY , 1999 .

[7]  Marshall A. Wise,et al.  International Equity and Differentiation in Global Warming Policy , 1998 .

[8]  David Pearce,et al.  POLICY FRAMEWORKS FOR THE ANCILLARY BENEFITS OF CLIMATE CHANGE POLICIES , 2000 .

[9]  M. Elzen,et al.  Evaluating the Bonn—Marrakesh agreement , 2002 .

[10]  Bert de Vries,et al.  Long-term, consistent scenarios of emissions, deposition, and climate change in Europe , 2002 .

[11]  I. Wing,et al.  Toward a useful architecture for climate change negotiations , 1999 .

[12]  Bert Metz,et al.  Climate OptiOns for the Long term (COOL) - GlobalDialogue Synthesis Report , 2002 .

[13]  J. Coakley,et al.  Climate Forcing by Anthropogenic Aerosols , 1992, Science.

[14]  Michel G.J. den Elzen,et al.  Options for differentiation of future commitments in climate policy: how to realise timely participation to meet stringent climate goals? , 2001 .

[15]  Joyeeta Gupta.  Encouraging developing country participation in the climate change regime , 1998 .

[16]  Vuuren Dp van,et al.  Evaluating the Bush Climate Change Initiative , 2002 .

[17]  Michiel Schaeffer,et al.  The Brazilian Proposal and other Options for International Burden Sharing: an evaluation of methodological and policy aspects using the FAIR model , 1999 .

[18]  Cédric Philibert,et al.  Beyond Kyoto: Energy Dynamics and Climate Stabilisation , 2002 .

[19]  Cédric Philibert,et al.  Considering the options: climate targets for all countries , 2001 .

[20]  Arild Underdal,et al.  Burden Sharing and Fairness Principles in International Climate Policy , 2002 .

[21]  Kevin A. Baumert,et al.  Building on the Kyoto Protocol: Options for Protecting the Climate , 2002 .

[22]  Lasse Ringius,et al.  Can multi-criteria rules fairly distribute climate burdens?: OECD results from three burden sharing rules , 1998 .