Characterization of B1 field focussing effects in magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging at 17.6 tesla

As Larmor frequencies for high-resolution NMR spectroscopy and microimaging approach 1 GHz, effects such as dielectric resonance and sample-induced spatial inhomogeneities in the radiofrequency transmission and reception fields become more prominent. These effects have been studied extensively for high field human imaging, but have received less attention in the areas of NMR spectroscopy and microimaging. Although the effects in small samples are not as pronounced as in large biological samples, the use of multiple-pulse spectroscopic and imaging sequences, for example, can exacerbate the intrinsic B1 inhomogeneities introduced by the sample. In this article, we show computational and analytical simulations as well as experimental data acquired at 17.6 tesla to study high frequency effects for high-resolution NMR, in vivo animal imaging, and microimaging of fixed tissue samples. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Concepts Magn Reson Part B (Magn Reson Engineering) 27B: 8–16, 2005.

[1]  P. Röschmann Radiofrequency penetration and absorption in the human body: limitations to high-field whole-body nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. , 1987, Medical physics.

[2]  P. Allen,et al.  Sources of variability in the response of coupled spins to the PRESS sequence and their potential impact on metabolite quantification , 1999, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[3]  J. Tropp,et al.  Image brightening in samples of high dielectric constant. , 2004, Journal of magnetic resonance.

[4]  J W Carlson,et al.  Electromagnetic fields of surface coil in vivo NMR at high frequencies , 1991, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[5]  W. M. Walsh,et al.  Enhanced ESR sensitivity using a dielectric resonator , 1986 .

[6]  Paul S. Tofts,et al.  Standing Waves in Uniform Water Phantoms , 1994 .

[7]  G. Bruce Pike,et al.  Standing-wave and RF penetration artifacts caused by elliptic geometry: an electrodynamic analysis of MRI , 1998, IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging.

[8]  J. Waugh,et al.  Advances In Magnetic Resonance , 1974 .

[9]  Paul A. Keifer,et al.  90° pulse width calibrations: how to read a pulse width array , 1999 .

[10]  P. Röschmann,et al.  Spectroscopy and imaging with a 4 tesla whole‐body mr system , 1988, NMR in biomedicine.

[11]  T. Ibrahim,et al.  Dielectric resonance phenomena in ultra high field MRI. , 1999, Journal of computer assisted tomography.

[12]  T K Foo,et al.  An analytical model for the design of RF resonators for MR body imaging , 1991, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[13]  I. Chan,et al.  Enhanced sensitivity for high-pressure EPR using dielectric resonators , 1992 .

[14]  K. Uğurbil,et al.  Polarization of the RF field in a human head at high field: A study with a quadrature surface coil at 7.0 T , 2002, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[15]  R S Balaban,et al.  The evaluation of dielectric resonators containing H2O or D2O as RF coils for high-field MR imaging and spectroscopy. , 1996, Journal of magnetic resonance. Series B.

[16]  D. Hoult The principle of reciprocity in signal strength calculations—a mathematical guide , 2000 .

[17]  A. Sienkiewicz,et al.  Double-stacked dielectric resonator for sensitive EPR measurements. , 1997, Journal of magnetic resonance.

[18]  A. Sienkiewicz,et al.  Dielectric resonator‐based stopped‐flow electron paramagnetic resonance , 1994 .

[19]  R. Withers,et al.  Low-conductivity buffers for high-sensitivity NMR measurements. , 2002, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[20]  Crozier,et al.  Sample-Induced RF Perturbations in High-Field, High-Resolution NMR Spectroscopy , 1997, Journal of magnetic resonance.

[21]  K. Uğurbil,et al.  Analysis of wave behavior in lossy dielectric samples at high field , 2002, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[22]  R. Goebel,et al.  7T vs. 4T: RF power, homogeneity, and signal‐to‐noise comparison in head images , 2001, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[23]  D. Hoult Sensitivity and Power Deposition in a High‐Field Imaging Experiment , 2000, Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI.

[24]  Yoon W. Kang,et al.  Reduction of RF penetration effects in high field imaging , 1992, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[25]  S. Blackband,et al.  Observation of significant signal voids in images of large biological samples at 11.1 T , 2004, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[26]  T. Ibrahim,et al.  Dielectric resonances and B(1) field inhomogeneity in UHFMRI: computational analysis and experimental findings. , 2001, Magnetic resonance imaging.

[27]  J. Carlson,et al.  Power deposition and noise correlation in NMR samples , 1989, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[28]  K. Uğurbil,et al.  Different excitation and reception distributions with a single‐loop transmit‐receive surface coil near a head‐sized spherical phantom at 300 MHz , 2002, Magnetic resonance in medicine.

[29]  W. Barber,et al.  Comparison of linear and circular polarization for magnetic resonance imaging , 1985 .