Solid state fermentation of waste pomace from olive processing

Typical samples of the solid waste (50% moisture) from olive oil processing were subjected, after an alkaline pretreatment, to delignification by Phanerochaete chryosporium, Phlebia radiata, Pleurotus ostreatus or Dacrymyces stellatus. The fermented material was then saccharified by Trichoderma spp to provide a substrate for the yeasts, Candida utilis or Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Success was judged by the level of crude protein generated, and a combination fermentation involving Phan chryosporium, T reesei and S cerevisiae increased the level of crude protein from 5.9% in the raw pomace to 40.3% in the fermented material. It is suggested that this solid-state fermentation process could be used to manufacture an animal feed for the poultry industry in Jordan. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry

[1]  W. F. Harrigan,et al.  Laboratory Methods in Food and Dairy Microbiology , 1976 .

[2]  M. Leisola,et al.  Rapid Degradation of Isolated Lignins by Phanerochaete chrysosporium , 1983, Applied and environmental microbiology.

[3]  C. Hesseltine,et al.  Biotechnology report: Solid state fermentations , 1972, Biotechnology and bioengineering.

[4]  T. Jeffries,et al.  Nutritional Regulation of Lignin Degradation by Phanerochaete chrysosporium , 1981, Applied and environmental microbiology.

[5]  K. Eriksson,et al.  Studies of growth conditions in wood for three white‐rot fungi and their cellulaseless mutants , 1980 .

[6]  Virendra S. Bisaria,et al.  Bioprocessing of agro-residues to glucose and chemicals. , 1991 .

[7]  D. Herr.  Conversion of cellulose to glucose with cellulase of Trichoderma viride ITCC‐1433 , 1980 .

[8]  N. Uden,et al.  Yeasts from the bovine caecum. , 1957 .

[9]  K. Becker,et al.  Gravimetric determination of tannins and their correlations with chemical and protein precipitation methods , 1993 .

[10]  D. Sternberg.  A method for increasing cellulase production by Trichoderma viride , 1976 .

[11]  G. L. Miller.  Use of Dinitrosalicylic Acid Reagent for Determination of Reducing Sugar , 1959 .

[12]  H. Blanch,et al.  Enhanced production of cellulase, hemicellulase, and β‐glucosidase by Trichoderma reesei (Rut C‐30) , 1981 .

[13]  D. Crawford,et al.  Production of microbial protein from waste cellulose by Thermomonospora fusca, a thermophilic actinomycete , 1973 .

[14]  Y. Hadar,et al.  Lignocellulose Degradation during Solid-State Fermentation: Pleurotus ostreatus versus Phanerochaete chrysosporium , 1992, Applied and environmental microbiology.

[15]  D. S. Chahal.  Solid-State Fermentation with Trichoderma reesei for Cellulase Production , 1985, Applied and environmental microbiology.