Quality of service support for event detection in wireless sensor network. (Support de la qualité de service dans les réseaux de capteurs sans fil pour la détection d'événements)

Cette these presente nos travaux a la fois theoriques et techniques sur la fourniture de la qualite de service dans les reseaux de capteurs sans fil, travaux developpes principalement pour la detection en temps reel d'evenements.Le premier probleme fondamental pour assurer une qualite de service est la connectivite d'un reseau. La probabilite de non-isolation de noeud est donnee garantissant une borne superieure de 1-connectivite du reseau. Un deuxieme probleme traite concerne la consideration conjointe du probleme de connectivite de communication et de couverture de detection. Ce probleme etant formalise comme un probleme d'optimisation multi-objectif, un algorithme heuristique du type genetique a ete developpe, permettant ainsi d'aider au deploiement. Pour assurer la communication des donnees en temps reel et de facon fiable, un protocole de routage base sur SPEED a ete developpe. Les simulations ont montre une amelioration notable de performances par rapport aux solutions existantes. Afin d'assurer la fiabilite de l'information finale, un ensemble de regles de fusion de decision a ete propose. Quant a son implementation reelle avec moins de complexite sur des noeuds de ressources limitees, trois alternatives sous-optimales ont ete proposees et qui donnent des performances satisfaisantes dans des plages de rapport signal sur bruit

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