The use of SSR and ISSR markers for assessing DNA polymorphism and genetic diversity among Indian bread wheat cultivars.

SSR and ISSR markers were used to study the genetic diversity within Indian bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties released for high yield, quality and abiotic stress. A set of 27 varieties were screened with 20 wheat microsatellite markers (WMS), covering 15 wheat chromosomes, and 20 UBC series ISSR markers for evaluation of genetic variability at molecular level. Total of 146 allelic variants were detected at 20 loci, with polymorphism information content (PIC) values from 0.382 (WMS 186) to 0.826 (WMS 389). During ISSR analysis, total 191 polymorphic bands were amplified revealing 65.48% polymorphisms. The UPGMA based cluster analysis for both marker types efficiently discriminated all varieties. SSR based cluster tree grouping of these genotypes is more in agreement with their known origin as compare to ISSR cluster analysis.