Kant or Cant: The Myth of the Democratic Peace

I T h e theory of the “Democratic Peace” raises important theoretical issues:’ the contention that democratic states behave differently toward each other than toward nondemocracies cuts to the heart of the international relations theory debate about the relative salience of second-image (domestic politics) and of thirdimage (systemic structure) explanations of international political outcomes. Democratic peace theory has also come to have a real-world importance as well: Policymakers who have embraced democratic peace theory see a crucial link between America’s security and the spread of democracy, which is viewed as the antidote that will prevent future wars. Indeed some democratic peace theorists, notably Bruce Russett, believe that in an international system comprising a critical mass of democratic states, ”It may be possible in part to supersede the ‘realist’ principles (anarchy, the security dilemma of states) that have dominated practice to the exclusion of ’liberal’ or ’idealist’ ones since at least the seventeenth century.”2 Because of its theoretical claims and

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