Encapsulation of a biocide in a starch- oil microemulsion lotion: antimicrobial activity and clinical safety of benzalkonium chloride.

The topical delivery of biocides and disinfectants poses issues of determining the proper dosage, strength and purity important for over the counter (OTC) drug regulated products. We have made an innovative oil-in-water (O/W) microemulsion to encapsulate benzalkonium chloride (BKC) in a highly stable starch-oil composite. Incorporated BKC is a processing cationic emulsifier and the active antimicrobial ingredient. Greater than 10% of BKC is sequestered in a starch-oil reservoir for slow controlled release to skin and for a long-lasting skin sanitizer. Added humectants and nonpetrolatum oils hydrate skin and give it a greaseless feel. When applied to skin, it forms a starch film, preventing microbial penetration. The lotion was clinically tested and found to be a safe and effective antimicrobial hand sanitizer.

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