Robust optimization of micro-grids operation problem in the presence of electric vehicles

Abstract The main objective of this paper is to optimally formulate Microgrid (MG) operation problem in a robust manner. Increasing importance of environmental issues such as Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) emissions leads to the widely use of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) in recent years. The high integration of PHEVs in distribution networks may affect the operation of MGs due to their uncertain behaviors. Therefore, the uncertainties of input parameters are successfully considered in the model development. The proposed model is, therefore, a decision-making process of the MG operation in the presence of PHEVs that addresses solution robustness as well as model robustness, which is absent in the literature. The effectiveness of the model is demonstrated through a numerical example and the broad sensitivity analysis is finally done to prove the model robustness and the solution robustness.