Literature Review of the History of Building Peak Load and Annual Energy Use Calculation Methods in the U.S.

Disclaimer This report is provided by the Texas Engineering Experiment Station (TEES). The information provided in this report is intended to be the best available information at the time of publication. TEES makes no claim or warranty, express or implied that the report or data herein is necessarily error-free. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the Energy Systems Laboratory or any of its employees. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the Texas Engineering Experiment Station or the Energy Systems Laboratory. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This report was based on a review of numerous valuable works. Special thanks to Mr. Bernard Nagengast for providing information about textbooks, to Prof. Larry Degelman for many valuable insights and to Dr. Mohsen Farzad for providing the history of Carrier Handbook and HAP software. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report provides a detailed literature review on the history of building peak heating and cooling load and annual energy use calculation methods from the 1800s to the present. Building annual energy use calculations include: forward methods, data-driven methods and simulation methods. The report is organized as follows:  Section 1 describes the introduction of this report, including the history of the related sciences, computer developments and a brief history of ASHRAE information about U.S. commercial buildings including the distribution and age are covered in this section as well.  Section 2 details the history of peak heating and cooling load calculation methods.  Section 3 presents building annual energy use calculation methods, where the basic concepts are introduced and the most popular calculation methods are reviewed.  Section 4 includes a summary followed by the related references.