Bullying in school: evaluation and dissemination of the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program.

The nature and extent of bullying among school children is discussed, and recent attention to the phenomenon by researchers, the media, and policy makers is noted. The Olweus Bullying Prevention Program (OBPP) is a comprehensive, school-wide program that was designed to reduce bullying and achieve better peer relations among students in elementary, middle, and junior high school grades. Several large-scale studies from Norway are reviewed, which provide compelling evidence of the program's effectiveness in Norwegian schools. Studies that have evaluated the OBPP in diverse settings in the United States have not been uniformly consistent, but they have shown that the OBPP has had a positive impact on students' self-reported involvement in bullying and antisocial behavior. Efforts to disseminate the OBPP in Norway and the United States are discussed.

[1]  C. Perry,et al.  Peer harassment, school connectedness, and academic achievement. , 2003, The Journal of school health.

[2]  D. Olweus Understanding and researching bullying: Some critical issues. , 2009 .

[3]  M. Overpeck,et al.  A cross-national profile of bullying and victimization among adolescents in 40 countries , 2009, International Journal of Public Health.

[4]  Peter K. Smith,et al.  School Bullying: Insights and Perspectives , 1994 .

[5]  G. Ladd,et al.  Peer victimization: cause or consequence of school maladjustment? , 1996, Child development.

[6]  F. Alsaker,et al.  Problems and methods in longitudinal research: Assessing change in a cohort-longitudinal study with hierarchical data , 1991 .

[7]  Mark A. Cohen,et al.  The Monetary Value of Saving a High-Risk Youth , 1998 .

[8]  S. Limber,et al.  The Olweus Bullying Prevention Program: Implementation and evaluation over two decades. , 2010 .

[9]  Peter K. Smith,et al.  the Sheffield Project: methodology and findings , 2002 .

[10]  R. Hanewinkel Bullying in Schools: Prevention of bullying in German schools: an evaluation of an anti-bullying approach , 2004 .

[11]  D. Pepler,et al.  An Evaluation of An Anti-Bullying Intervention in Toronto Schools , 1994 .

[12]  Peter K. Smith The nature of school bullying : a cross-national perspective , 1999 .

[13]  R. Hammond,et al.  School-associated violent deaths in the United States, 1994-1999. , 1996, JAMA.

[14]  M. Boulton,et al.  Twenty years' research on peer victimization and psychosocial maladjustment: a meta-analytic review of cross-sectional studies. , 2000, Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines.

[15]  Nerissa S. Bauer,et al.  The effectiveness of the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program in public middle schools: a controlled trial. , 2007, The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine.

[16]  Bullying in Schools: Implementation of the Olweus Bullying Prevention programme in the Southeastern United States , 2004 .

[17]  Robert F. Boruch,et al.  Standards of Evidence: Criteria for Efficacy, Effectiveness and Dissemination , 2005, Prevention Science.

[18]  Bryan Vossekuil,et al.  Final Report and Findings of the Safe School Initiative: Implications for the Prevention of School Attacks in the United States , 2002 .

[19]  Sandra Graham,et al.  Peer harassment in school : the plight of the vulnerable and victimized , 2001 .

[20]  D. Olweus,et al.  Prevalence estimation of school bullying with the Olweus Bully Victim Questionnaire , 2003 .

[21]  Peter K. Smith,et al.  The long‐term effectiveness of anti‐bullying work in primary schools , 1998 .

[22]  A. Sourander,et al.  Childhood bullies and victims and their risk of criminality in late adolescence: the Finnish From a Boy to a Man study. , 2007, Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine.

[23]  Peter K. Smith,et al.  Bullying in schools: Lessons from two decades of research , 2000 .

[24]  Katherine Irwin,et al.  Blueprints for Violence Prevention , 2003 .

[25]  I. Bourdeaudhuij,et al.  Bullying in Schools: Interventions against bullying in Flemish Schools: programme development and evaluation , 2004 .

[26]  Ken Rigby,et al.  Bullying in Schools and What to Do About It , 1996 .

[27]  Gary W. Ladd,et al.  Peer exclusion and victimization: Processes that mediate the relation between peer group rejection and children's classroom engagement and achievement? , 2006 .

[28]  Peter K. Smith,et al.  Profiles of non-victims, escaped victims, continuing victims and new victims of school bullying. , 2004, The British journal of educational psychology.

[29]  Gunilla Klensmeden Fosse Mental health of psychiatric outpatients bullied in childhood , 2006 .

[30]  D. Olweus,et al.  Bullying at school : what we know and what we can do / Dan Olweus , 1993 .

[31]  Avshalom Caspi,et al.  Bullying Victimization Uniquely Contributes to Adjustment Problems in Young Children: A Nationally Representative Cohort Study , 2006, Pediatrics.

[32]  K. Österman Indirect and direct aggression , 2010 .

[33]  D. Olweus Aggression and peer acceptance in adolescent boys: Two short-term longitudinal studies of ratings. , 1977 .

[34]  Eric Puybaret,et al.  Universal Declaration of Human Rights , 2006 .

[35]  D. Pepler,et al.  Making a difference in bullying: evaluation of a systemic school-based programme in Canada , 2004 .

[36]  P. Van Oost,et al.  Bullying in Flemish schools: an evaluation of anti-bullying intervention in primary and secondary schools. , 2000, The British journal of educational psychology.

[37]  Peter K. Smith,et al.  England: the Sheffield project , 2004 .

[38]  Friedrich Lösel,et al.  Effects of training social competence in children: A meta-analysis of recent evaluation studies , 1994 .

[39]  Dan Olweus Mobbning : vad vi vet och vad vi kan göra , 1986 .

[40]  Peter K. Smith,et al.  Bullying in Schools: How Successful Can Interventions Be? , 2004 .

[41]  K. Berger,et al.  Update on bullying at school: Science forgotten? , 2007 .

[42]  M Knapp,et al.  Financial cost of social exclusion: follow up study of antisocial children into adulthood , 2001, BMJ : British Medical Journal.

[43]  D. Farrington,et al.  What works in preventing bullying: effective elements of anti‐bullying programmes , 2009 .

[44]  D. Olweus Bully/victim problems among schoolchildren: Basic facts and effects of a school based intervention program. , 1991 .

[45]  David P. Farrington,et al.  Effectiveness of programmes to reduce school bullying : A systematic review. Report prepared for the Swedish National Council for Crime Prevention , 2008 .

[46]  D. Olweus Aggression in the schools : bullies and whipping boys , 1978 .

[47]  D. Olweus A useful evaluation design, and effects of the Olweus Bullying Prevention Program , 2005 .

[48]  Peter L. Sheras,et al.  Are Zero Tolerance Policies Effective in the Schools? , 2008 .

[49]  S. Black,et al.  Using Bullying Incident Density to Evaluate the Olweus Bullying Prevention Programme , 2007 .

[50]  G. Lewis,et al.  Prospective study of peer victimization in childhood and psychotic symptoms in a nonclinical population at age 12 years. , 2009, Archives of general psychiatry.

[51]  D. Olweus Bully/victim problems in school: Facts and intervention , 1997 .