[10] Covalent coupling methods for inorganic support materials

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the covalent coupling methods for inorganic support materials. Immobilization by covalent attachment to inorganic supports involves reactions that are similar to the covalent attachment of enzymes to organic supports. Silane coupling and derivatives of alkylamines and coupling techniques are described in the chapter. Silane coupling techniques include alkylamine coupling and organic silanization. Aqueous silanization appears to couple a monolayer of silane across the carrier surface. The organic solvent techniques give higher amine loadings. However, experience has shown that greater carrier durability with slightly lower enzyme loadings are achieved by aqueous silanization. Organic silanization gives much higher loadings of alkylamine than the aqueous method. Derivatives of alkylamines and coupling techniques include alkylamine-coupling isothiocyanate coupling carbodiimide coupling, and triazine coupling.