Blockchain Based Protocol for Economical Communication in Industry 4.0

The article presents the architecture of communication protocol for modern industrial processes and business based on cyber-physical systems — Industry 4.0. The main attention is paid to one of the key trends of this concept — to economical autonomous agents i.e. to robots or smart things, which are able to make decisions independently about their economic actions. Agents begin to fully participate in business processes, so it is important to automate the processes and ensure formal and secure communication between multiple heterogeneous agents, taking into account the economic component of the industry. The article shows how to organize economic interaction between agents using a peer-to-peer network based on decentralized Blockchain technology and smart contracts. The general concept of protocol work is described and the experience of its implementation on ROS and Ethereum Blockchain is presented in the form of universal software for different agents. As a result, the experience of applying this solution in various projects is described: a business project with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) and an educational project of "smart city".

[1]  Daniel Davis Wood,et al.  ETHEREUM: A SECURE DECENTRALISED GENERALISED TRANSACTION LEDGER , 2014 .

[2]  Erik Hofmann,et al.  Industry 4.0 and the current status as well as future prospects on logistics , 2017, Comput. Ind..

[3]  Daqiang Zhang,et al.  Towards smart factory for industry 4.0: a self-organized multi-agent system with big data based feedback and coordination , 2016, Comput. Networks.

[4]  Ghassan O. Karame,et al.  On the Security and Scalability of Bitcoin's Blockchain , 2016, CCS.

[5]  Richard B. Freeman,et al.  Who owns the robots rules the world , 2015 .

[6]  Edward A. Lee.  Cyber Physical Systems: Design Challenges , 2008, 2008 11th IEEE International Symposium on Object and Component-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing (ISORC).

[7]  D. Upton,et al.  Improving data transparency in clinical trials using blockchain smart contracts , 2016, F1000Research.

[8]  Luciano Floridi,et al.  Robots, Jobs, Taxes, and Responsibilities , 2017, Philosophical Studies Series.

[9]  Juan M. Corchado,et al.  Intelligent business processes composition based on multi-agent systems , 2014, Expert Syst. Appl..

[10]  David Stuart Robertson,et al.  A review of attacks and security approaches in open multi-agent systems , 2012, Artificial Intelligence Review.

[11]  Eduardo Castelló Ferrer.  The blockchain: a new framework for robotic swarm systems , 2016, Proceedings of the Future Technologies Conference (FTC) 2018.

[12]  TU MarioHermann.  Design Principles for Industrie 4 . 0 Scenarios , 2015 .

[13]  Melanie Swan,et al.  Blockchain: Blueprint for a New Economy , 2015 .

[14]  Zuo-Jun Max Shen,et al.  Centralization versus Decentralization: Risk Pooling, Risk Diversification, and Supply Chain Disruptions , 2015 .

[15]  Lifeng Zhou,et al.  Industry 4.0: Towards future industrial opportunities and challenges , 2015, 2015 12th International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD).

[16]  R. H. Smith.  Cyber supply chain risk management: Revolutionizing the strategic control of critical IT systems , 2015 .

[17]  Jan Mendling,et al.  Untrusted Business Process Monitoring and Execution Using Blockchain , 2016, BPM.

[18]  R. Handfield,et al.  Purchasing and Supply Chain Management , 1997 .

[19]  Alex Norta,et al.  Creation of Smart-Contracting Collaborations for Decentralized Autonomous Organizations , 2015, BIR.

[20]  Marlon Dumas,et al.  Optimized Execution of Business Processes on Blockchain , 2016, BPM.

[21]  T. Drezner,et al.  Competitive supply chain network design: An overview of classifications, models, solution techniques and applications , 2014 .

[22]  Gareth W. Peters,et al.  Understanding Modern Banking Ledgers Through Blockchain Technologies: Future of Transaction Processing and Smart Contracts on the Internet of Money , 2015, ArXiv.