Determination of Furfural from Vineyard Waste by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography – Diode Array Detection (UHPLC-DAD) with Method Validation and Uncertainty Evaluation

Abstract Vineyard solid wastes are regarded as an alternative source of renewable raw materials for the production of hemicellulosic sugars and their conversion into furfural. In this work, a liquid hemicellulosic fraction was extracted from vineyard wastes in order to produce a higher furfural yield. A simple ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection (UHPLC-DAD) method was used for determining furfural from vineyard wastes. The UHPLC-DAD method was validated for the determination of furfural from vineyard wastes. The described method shows good linearity with a coefficient of determination higher than 0.998. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 0.3 µg mL−1 and 1.0 µg mL−1, respectively. The recoveries determined by the spiking solutions varied between 95.1 and 100.8%. The relative expanded uncertainty of the method was evaluated based on a bottom-up approach and was 13.5%.