Immobilization of antibodies on ultraflat polystyrene surfaces.

BACKGROUND Functional antibody surfaces were prepared on ultraflat polystyrene surfaces by physical adsorption, and the uniform distribution of monoclonal antibodies against hepatitis B surface antigen (anti-HBs) on such surfaces and the presence of dense hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) particles captured by immobilized antibodies were identified. METHODS A model polystyrene film was spin-coated directly onto a silicon wafer surface. Atomic force microscopy was used to directly monitor the immobilization of anti-HBs antibodies and their specific molecular interaction with HBsAg. Enzyme immunoassay was also used to characterize functional antibody surfaces. RESULTS A mean roughness of 2 A for areas of 25 microm(2) was produced. We found a uniform distribution of anti-HBs antibodies on ultraflat polystyrene surfaces and the presence of dense HBsAg particles bound to such anti-HBs surfaces after incubation with HBsAg. CONCLUSIONS This study confirmed the potential of preparing dense, homogeneous, highly specific, and highly stable antibody surfaces by immobilizing antibodies on polystyrene surfaces with controlled roughness. It is expected that such biofunctional surfaces could be of interest for the development of new solid-phase immunoassay techniques and biosensor techniques.

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