Future Constraints on Dark Matter with Gravitationally Lensed Fast Radio Bursts Detected by BURSTT

Understanding dark matter is one of the most urgent questions in modern physics. A very interesting candidate is primordial black holes (PBHs). For the mass ranges <10−16 M ⊙ and >100 M ⊙, PBHs have been ruled out. However, they are still poorly constrained in the mass range 10−16–100 M ⊙. Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond flashes of radio light of unknown origin, mostly from outside the Milky Way. Due to their short timescales, gravitationally lensed FRBs, which are yet to be detected, have been proposed as a useful probe for constraining the presence of PBHs in the mass window of <100 M ⊙. Up to now, the most successful project in finding FRBs has been CHIME. Due to its large field of view, CHIME has detected at least 600 FRBs since 2018. However, none of them is confirmed to be gravitationally lensed. Taiwan plans to build a new telescope, the Bustling Universe Radio Survey Telescope in Taiwan (BURSTT), dedicated to detecting FRBs. Its survey area will be 25 times greater than CHIME. BURSTT can localize all of these FRBs through very long baseline interferometry. We estimate the probability to find gravitationally lensed FRBs, based on the scaled redshift distribution from the latest CHIME catalog and the lensing probability function from Munõz et al. BURSTT-2048 can detect ∼24 lensed FRBs out of ∼1700 FRBs per annum. With BURSTT’s ability to detect nanosecond FRBs, we can constrain PBHs to form a part of dark matter down to 10−4 M ⊙.

[1]  Y. Huang,et al.  BURSTT: Bustling Universe Radio Survey Telescope in Taiwan , 2022, Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific.

[2]  T. Goto,et al.  Energy functions of fast radio bursts derived from the first CHIME/FRB catalogue , 2022, 2201.03574.

[3]  Davor Cubranic,et al.  A Synoptic VLBI Technique for Localizing Nonrepeating Fast Radio Bursts with CHIME/FRB , 2020, 2008.11738.

[4]  J. Prochaska,et al.  The Host Galaxies and Progenitors of Fast Radio Bursts Localized with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder , 2020, 2020 XXXIIIrd General Assembly and Scientific Symposium of the International Union of Radio Science.

[5]  O. Wucknitz,et al.  Cosmology with gravitationally lensed repeating fast radio bursts , 2020, Astronomy & Astrophysics.

[6]  K. Liao,et al.  Constraints on Compact Dark Matter with Fast Radio Burst Observations , 2020, The Astrophysical Journal.

[7]  A. Katz,et al.  Looking for MACHOs in the spectra of fast radio bursts , 2019, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

[8]  S. Djorgovski,et al.  A fast radio burst localized to a massive galaxy , 2019, Nature.

[9]  J. Cordes,et al.  Fast Radio Bursts: An Extragalactic Enigma. , 2019 .

[10]  R. Ekers,et al.  The performance and calibration of the CRAFT fly’s eye fast radio burst survey , 2018, Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia.

[11]  D. V. Wiebe,et al.  The CHIME Fast Radio Burst Project: System Overview , 2018, The Astrophysical Journal.

[12]  D. Eichler Nanolensed Fast Radio Bursts , 2017, 1711.04764.

[13]  R. Lupton,et al.  Microlensing constraints on primordial black holes with Subaru/HSC Andromeda observations , 2017, Nature Astronomy.

[14]  A. Keimpema,et al.  A direct localization of a fast radio burst and its host , 2017, Nature.

[15]  M. Kramer,et al.  FRBCAT: The Fast Radio Burst Catalogue , 2016, Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia.

[16]  E. Ofek,et al.  A real-time fast radio burst: polarization detection and multiwavelength follow-up , 2014, 1412.0342.

[17]  M. Mclaughlin,et al.  A Bright Millisecond Radio Burst of Extragalactic Origin , 2007, Science.

[18]  J. Ostriker,et al.  Effect of Primordial Black Holes on the Cosmic Microwave Background and Cosmological Parameter Estimates , 2007, 0709.0524.

[19]  J. Beaulieu,et al.  Limits on the Macho Content of the Galactic Halo from the EROS-2 Survey of the Magellanic Clouds , 2006, astro-ph/0607207.

[20]  R. Takahashi,et al.  Wave Effects in the Gravitational Lensing of Gravitational Waves from Chirping Binaries , 2003, astro-ph/0305055.

[21]  Edward J. Wollack,et al.  First-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Determination of Cosmological Parameters , 2003 .

[22]  D. J. Fixsen,et al.  The Spectral Results of the Far-Infrared Absolute Spectrophotometer Instrument on COBE , 2002 .

[23]  A. J. Drake,et al.  The MACHO Project: Microlensing Results from 5.7 Years of Large Magellanic Cloud Observations , 2000, astro-ph/0001272.