Changes in Postural Control Parameters after Vestibular Rehabilitation in Patients with Central Vestibular Disorders

Objective—The aim of this study was to determine postural responses before and after a vestibular rehabilitation program (VRP) in 14 patients with central vestibular disorders (CVD). Material and Methods—The confidence ellipse (CE) of the center of pressure distribution area and the sway velocity (SV) were the parameters used for the quantitative assessment of postural control (PC). These two parameters were analyzed before and after a VRP for two visual conditions. Behavioral postural responses were studied by means of the time–frequency scalogram using wavelets and the sway frequency content was measured in arbitrary units of energy density. Results—Ten patients showed a significant decrease in the CE and SV after the rehabilitative treatment, thus improving their PC. Seven of these patients were assessed again after a period of 12±5 months, during which they had not received any physical training. All of them showed increases in the CE and SV, indicating an impairment of PC. Conclusions—Many CVD patients damage the neural mechanisms involved in retaining the plastic changes in the PC parameters after rehabilitative treatment. Continuation of training may be necessary in order to maintain the improvement in PC obtained with a VRP.