The effect of horizontal fluid flow on thermally induced convection currents in porous mediums

The critical Rayleigh number characterizing the onset of instability in porous mediums due to a positive gradient of temperature with depth is independent of the magnitude of a horizontal fluid current. However, the presence of a horizontal fluid current will cause temperature and velocity fluctuations with time. Recognition of these oscillations is necessary for the proper interpretation of phenomena occurring in industrial operations and various natural processes.