The electric vehicle routing problem with time windows using genetic algorithm

Driven by environmental concerns, electric vehicles (EVs) have been used in last-mile delivery in some areas. Limited cruising range, long recharge time and insufficient number of recharging stations have to be considered in route planning to avoid unnecessary detours. In this paper we present a vehicle routing problem for battery electric vehicles with time window constraints. Both driving costs and punishment cost for time windows violation are considered to determine the optimal routes. Genetic Algorithm is developed to achieve solutions. The experiments shows that the model developed capture the characteristics of electric vehicles delivery. Genetic algorithm is a robust method to solve E-VRPTW.