Wireless channel access method applicable to railway operation and other scenes

The invention discloses a perception-tracking wireless node channel access method applicable to railway operation and other scenes. The method comprises the following steps: dividing all available channel time into consecutive superframes, and dividing each superframe into a fixedly-allocated channel access period and a requiredly-allocated channel access period; in the fixedly-allocated channel access period, fixedly allocating a time slot for each node; using a channel through the fixedly-allocated time slot by each node, and applying a channel time in the requiredly-allocated channel access period as required; according to a universal time coordinated within a day and a superframe period, determining the starting time of each superframe, wherein each node in a network knows the starting time of each superframe for certain; and allocating fixed and unique identifiers for all the nodes, and according to the identifiers, determining the sequence of fixedly-allocated time slots of the nodes. The method has the advantages as follows: the transmission conflict between the nodes is eliminated to the maximum extent; the power consumption can be reduced easily and the bandwidth efficiency can be easily improved; and the method is applicable to situational perception of the railway operation and other scenes.