E-mail customer service in the Tunisian hotel industry.

This research replicates and extends Frey et al. (2003), using a typical e‐mail query to investigate e‐mail customer service by 260 Tunisian hotels. Based on the hotel responses, this study found that guests had one chance in ten of receiving a reply within a day and even less chance that hotels answered the inquiry professionally, promptly, politely and personally. Diffusion of innovations failed to explain differences in responsiveness by Tunisian hoteliers but did help explain the quality of e‐mail replies. The results suggest that reply quality differs across hotel size and hotel affiliation. Hotel affiliation as well as hotel category and website presence showed no significant differences in responsiveness. Differences aside, the results highlight that Tunisian hotels can gain an immediate competitive advantage by analysing common e‐mail queries and implementing basic e‐mail procedures.

[1]  Sally J. McMillan The Microscope and the Moving Target: The Challenge of Applying Content Analysis to the World Wide Web , 2000 .

[2]  J. Kimberly,et al.  Organizational innovation: the influence of individual, organizational, and contextual factors on hospital adoption of technological and administrative innovations. , 1981, Academy of Management journal. Academy of Management.

[3]  G. Ruggeri Stevens,et al.  A qualitative study and model of the use of e-mail in organisations , 2000, Internet Res..

[4]  G. Hofstede,et al.  Culture′s Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values , 1980 .

[5]  Dennis L. Hoffman,et al.  Marketing in Hypermedia Computer-Mediated Environments : Conceptual Foundations 1 ) , 1998 .

[6]  Florian Zettelmeyer,et al.  Expanding to the Internet: Pricing and Communications Strategies When Firms Compete on Multiple Channels , 2000 .

[7]  Kurt Matzler,et al.  Response Attitudes and Behavior of Hotel Industry to Electronic Info Requests , 2002, ENTER.

[8]  E. Blair,et al.  Cognitive Processes Used by Survey Respondents to Answer Behavioral Frequency Questions , 1987 .

[9]  Hein Ruys,et al.  Uses of the Internet in the global hotel industry , 2001 .

[10]  E. Rogers Diffusion of Innovations , 1962 .

[11]  Louis Raymond,et al.  Determinants of Web site implementation in small businesses , 2001, Internet Res..

[12]  Jay Rao,et al.  How Restaurant Owners Manage Strategic Risk , 2000 .

[13]  S. Drew Downsizing to Improve Strategic Position , 1994 .

[14]  R. Law,et al.  Developing a performance indicator for hotel websites , 2003 .

[15]  Eric Abrahamson Managerial Fads and Fashions: The Diffusion and Rejection of Innovations , 1991 .

[16]  Roland Schegg,et al.  E-Mail Customer Service in the Swiss Hotel Industry , 2003 .

[17]  Dimitrios Buhalis,et al.  Information technology in peripheral small and medium hospitality enterprises: strategic analysis and critical factors , 1998 .

[18]  Kathleen Sindell,et al.  Loyalty Marketing for the Internet Age: How to Identify, Attract, Serve, and Retain Customers in an E-Commerce Environment , 2000 .

[19]  César Camisón Strategic attitudes and information technologies in the hospitality business: an empirical analysis. , 2000 .

[20]  J. Barnes,et al.  Establishing Customer Relationships on the Internet Requires More than Technology , 2002 .

[21]  N. McBride Business use of the internet: Strategic decision or another bandwagon? , 1997 .

[22]  V. C. S. Heung Barriers to implementing E-commerce in the travel industry: a practical perspective , 2003 .

[23]  Fang Wang,et al.  A relationship-building model for the Web retail marketplace , 2000, Internet Res..

[24]  E. Gummesson Productivity, quality and relationship marketing in service operations , 1998 .

[25]  Michael Y. Hu,et al.  Are Consumer Survey Results Distorted? Systematic Impact of Behavioral Frequency and Duration on Survey Response Errors , 2000 .

[26]  D. Gilbert,et al.  Approaches by hotels to the use of the Internet as a relationship marketing tool , 1999 .

[27]  Katherine N. Lemon,et al.  E-Service and the Consumer , 2001, Int. J. Electron. Commer..

[28]  Martin Peacock,et al.  Dear Doctor Ludd: some questions on the hospitality industry and advanced technological change. , 1994 .

[29]  Roger F. Fidler,et al.  Mediamorphosis: Understanding New Media , 1997 .

[30]  Susanne Frey,et al.  Benchmarks of Web Site Design and Marketing by Swiss Hotels , 2002, J. Inf. Technol. Tour..

[31]  F. Damanpour Organizational Innovation: A Meta-Analysis Of Effects Of Determinants and Moderators , 1991 .

[32]  D. Mount,et al.  The impact of selected customer characteristics and response time on e-complaint satisfaction and return intent. , 2003 .

[33]  Martin Christopher,et al.  Relationship Marketing: Bringing Quality, Customer Service and Marketing Together , 1993 .

[34]  C. Voss Developing an eService Strategy , 2000 .

[35]  Gary M. Thompson Improving conferences through session scheduling , 2002 .

[36]  Judy A. Siguaw,et al.  Adoption of Information Technology in U.S. Hotels: Strategically Driven Objectives , 2000 .

[37]  F. Reichheld,et al.  E-LOYALTY: YOUR SECRET WEAPON ON THE WEB , 2003 .

[38]  Stowe Shoemaker,et al.  Customer loyalty: the future of hospitality marketing. , 1999 .

[39]  Jamie Murphy,et al.  The bandwagon effect: Swiss hotels' web-site and e-mail management , 2003 .

[40]  Mark A. Bonn,et al.  Using the Internet as a Pleasure Travel Planning Tool: an Examination of the Sociodemographic and Behavioral Characteristics Among Internet Users and Nonusers , 1998 .

[41]  Peter O'Connor,et al.  An Analysis of Web Reservation Facilities in the Top 50 International Hotel Chains , 1999 .

[42]  C. Grönroos,et al.  The NetOffer model: a case example from the virtual marketspace , 2000 .

[43]  D. J. Hill,et al.  Consumer Complaints by E-Mail: An Exploratory Investigation of Corporate Responses and Customer Reactions , 2001 .

[44]  R. Wolfe ORGANIZATIONAL INNOVATION: REVIEW, CRITIQUE AND SUGGESTED RESEARCH DIRECTIONS* , 1994 .

[45]  Bart Nooteboom,et al.  Innovation and diffusion in small firms: Theory and evidence , 1994 .