Processus spatio-temporels en géométrie stochastique et application à la modélisation de réseaux de télécommunication

L'objectif de cette these est de reunir les deux approches suivantes qui existent actuellement pour etudier une foule: ou bien a temps fixe on s'interesse a la distribution spatiale des individus, ou bien on suit un seul individu a la fois au cours du temps. On se propose de construire des processus spatio-temporels, qui, comme leur nom l'indique, permettraient de rendre compte du caractere aleatoire des usages d'une foule dans un reseau de telecommunication, a la fois du point de vue spatial (modeles de route) et du point de vue temporel (deplacements sur ces routes, usages qui varient au cours de ces deplacements…). Une fois ces processus construits de maniere rigoureuse, on etudie leur comportement d'une maniere fine. Nous developpons trois modeles differents qui chacun menent a des formules analytiques fermees, ce qui permet de les utiliser d'une maniere tres confortable a des fins de dimensionnement.

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