Medical applications of synchrotron radiation.

The medical imaging and therapeutic technologies that are based on the use of radiation are reviewed briefly, with special emphasis on the recent developments of synchrotron radiation (SR) methods. New results have been achieved in all of these areas since the last comprehensive reviews were written in this field. This topical review is intended to make the latest possible results and complete set of references available. The different contrast mechanisms in imaging by x-rays are described. The applications range from whole-body imaging to studies of atomic and molecular structures. The SR imaging applications include coronary angiography, bronchography, mammography, computed tomography, x-ray microscopy and imaging by scattering. The therapy applications include photon activation therapy and microbeam radiation therapy.

[1]  William Thomlinson.  Medical applications of synchrotron radiation , 1991 .

[2]  Tetsuya Yuasa,et al.  Iodine imaging in thyroid by fluorescent X-ray CT with 0.05 mm spatial resolution , 2001 .

[3]  Jennifer A. Smith,et al.  Response of rat intracranial 9L gliosarcoma to microbeam radiation therapy. , 2002, Neuro-oncology.

[4]  B. Cason,et al.  Bronchial imaging in humans using xenon K-edge dichromography , 1998 .

[5]  U Neitzel,et al.  X-ray diffraction computed tomography. , 1987, Medical physics.

[6]  W. Thomlinson,et al.  Photon activation of iododeoxyuridine: biological efficacy of Auger electrons. , 1993, Radiation research.

[7]  H. Hosaka,et al.  Small-vessel radiography in situ with monochromatic synchrotron radiation. , 1996, Radiology.

[8]  L. Miller,et al.  Examination of bone chemical composition in osteoporosis using fluorescence-assisted synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy. , 2000, Cellular and molecular biology.

[9]  M Akisada,et al.  Two-dimensional intravenous coronary arteriography using above-K-edge monochromatic synchrotron X-ray. , 1995, Academic radiology.

[10]  T Takeda,et al.  Development of a two-dimensional imaging system for clinical applications of intravenous coronary angiography using intense synchrotron radiation produced by a multipole wiggler. , 1998, Journal of synchrotron radiation.

[11]  A R Sovijärvi,et al.  Quantitative functional lung imaging with synchrotron radiation using inhaled xenon as contrast agent. , 2001, Physics in medicine and biology.

[12]  S. Wilkins,et al.  Phase-contrast imaging using polychromatic hard X-rays , 1996, Nature.

[13]  E. Pisano,et al.  Diffraction enhanced x-ray imaging. , 1997, Physics in medicine and biology.

[14]  E Castelli,et al.  Mammography with synchrotron radiation: phase-detection techniques. , 2000, Radiology.

[15]  Fulvia Arfelli,et al.  Synchrotron light and imaging systems for medical radiology , 2000 .

[16]  Y. Itai,et al.  Medical activities of synchrotron radiation in Japan — Intravenous coronary cineangiography — , 1998 .

[17]  P Suortti,et al.  Small-angle x-ray scattering studies of human breast tissue samples. , 2002, Physics in medicine and biology.

[18]  Eiji Toyota,et al.  Dynamic Changes in Three-Dimensional Architecture and Vascular Volume of Transmural Coronary Microvasculature Between Diastolic- and Systolic-Arrested Rat Hearts , 2002, Circulation.

[19]  T D Solberg,et al.  Dose distributions using kilovoltage x-rays and dose enhancement from iodine contrast agents. , 1999, Physics in medicine and biology.

[20]  Atsushi Momose,et al.  Phase–contrast X–ray computed tomography for observing biological soft tissues , 1996, Nature Medicine.

[21]  Tohoru Takeda,et al.  Tomographic image reconstruction using x-ray phase information , 1996, Medical Imaging.

[22]  R Lewis,et al.  Medical applications of synchrotron radiation x-rays. , 1997, Physics in Medicine and Biology.

[23]  G. Deves,et al.  Chromium mapping in male mice reproductive glands exposed to CrCl3 using proton and X-ray synchrotron radiation microbeams , 2001 .

[24]  S. Wilkins,et al.  Contrast and resolution in imaging with a microfocus x-ray source , 1997 .

[25]  V. N. Ingal,et al.  X-ray plane-wave topography observation of the phase contrast from a non-crystalline object , 1995 .

[26]  D C Harrison,et al.  Transvenous coronary angiography in humans using synchrotron radiation. , 1986, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[27]  R. Lopes,et al.  X-ray diffraction microtomography using synchrotron radiation , 2001 .

[28]  K. Hyodo,et al.  Visualization, quantification and therapeutic evaluation of angiogenic vessels in cancer by synchrotron microangiography. , 2000, Journal of synchrotron radiation.

[29]  V. N. Ingal,et al.  Phase mammography--a new technique for breast investigation. , 1998, Physics in medicine and biology.

[30]  David W. Archer,et al.  Microbeam radiation therapy , 1999, Optics & Photonics.

[31]  Kenkichi Tanioka,et al.  Synchrotron microangiography reveals configurational changes and to-and-fro flow in intramyocardial vessels. , 1999, American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology.

[32]  F. Turkheimer,et al.  On the Undecidability among Kinetic Models: From Model Selection to Model Averaging , 2003, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[33]  Dilmanian Fa,et al.  Computed tomography with monochromatic x rays. , 1992 .

[34]  F Peyrin,et al.  Synchrotron Radiation Microtomography Allows the Analysis of Three‐Dimensional Microarchitecture and Degree of Mineralization of Human Iliac Crest Biopsy Specimens: Effects of Etidronate Treatment , 2002, Journal of bone and mineral research : the official journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

[35]  Reginald W. James,et al.  The Optical principles of the diffraction of X-rays , 1948 .

[36]  T Akatsuka,et al.  New types of X-ray computed tomography (CT) with synchrotron radiation: fluorescent X-ray CT and phase-contrast X-ray CT using interferometer. , 2000, Cellular and molecular biology.

[37]  M Gambaccini,et al.  Signal-to-noise ratio evaluation in dual-energy radiography with synchrotron radiation. , 2002, Physics in medicine and biology.

[38]  B. Jacobson,et al.  Dichromatic absorption radiography; dichromography. , 1953, Acta radiologica.

[39]  Alberto Bravin,et al.  Very-low-dose mammography: new perspectives in diffraction enhanced imaging (DEI) mammography , 2002, SPIE Medical Imaging.

[40]  New Methods of X-Ray Imaging based on Phase Contrast , 1998 .

[41]  J. Le Bas,et al.  Feasibility of synchrotron radiation computed tomography on rats bearing glioma after iodine or gadolinium injection , 2000, European Radiology.

[42]  Atsushi Momose,et al.  Perspective for Medical Applications of Phase-Contrast X-Ray Imaging , 1998 .

[43]  L. Miller,et al.  The impact of infrared synchrotron radiation in biology: Past, present and future , 2000 .

[44]  John A. Reffner,et al.  Performance of an infrared microspectrometer at the NSLS , 1995 .

[45]  A Bravin,et al.  Lack of Cell Death Enhancement after Irradiation with Monochromatic Synchrotron X Rays at the K-Shell Edge of Platinum Incorporated in Living SQ20B Human Cells as cis-Diamminedichloroplatinum (II) , 2002, Radiation research.

[46]  T Solberg,et al.  First radiotherapy of human metastatic brain tumors delivered by a computerized tomography scanner (CTRx). , 1999, International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics.

[47]  P. Cloetens,et al.  Perspectives in three-dimensional analysis of bone samples using synchrotron radiation microtomography. , 2000, Cellular and molecular biology.

[48]  M. Hakama,et al.  Effect of Screening for Cancer in the Nordic Countries on Deaths, Costs and Quality of Life up to the Year 2017. , 1997, Acta oncologica.

[49]  Peter C Gøtzsche,et al.  Is screening for breast cancer with mammography justifiable? , 2000, The Lancet.

[50]  P. Spanne,et al.  In-line holography and phase-contrast microtomography with high energy x-rays. , 1999, Physics in medicine and biology.

[51]  D. Bradley,et al.  Concentrations of Fe, Cu and Zn in breast tissue: a synchrotron XRF study. , 2002, Physics in medicine and biology.

[52]  D N Slatkin,et al.  Subacute neuropathological effects of microplanar beams of x-rays from a synchrotron wiggler. , 1995, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.

[53]  E Pisano,et al.  Diffraction enhanced imaging contrast mechanisms in breast cancer specimens. , 2002, Medical physics.

[54]  Burkhard Kaulich,et al.  THE SCANNING X-RAY MICROPROBE AT THE ESRF "X-RAY MICROSCOPY" BEAMLINE , 2002 .

[55]  A Taibi,et al.  Updating of form factor tabulations for coherent scattering of photons in tissues. , 2002, Physics in medicine and biology.

[56]  P Suortti,et al.  Feasibility study of x-ray diffraction computed tomography for medical imaging. , 1998, Physics in medicine and biology.

[57]  I. Orion,et al.  Response of avian embryonic brain to spatially segmented x-ray microbeams. , 2001, Cellular and molecular biology.

[58]  William Thomlinson,et al.  Implementation of diffraction-enhanced imaging experiments: at the NSLS and APS , 2000 .

[59]  François Estève,et al.  Absolute Cerebral Blood Volume and Blood Flow Measurements Based on Synchrotron Radiation Quantitative Computed Tomography , 2003, Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism.

[60]  P. Spanne,et al.  Instrumentation of the ESRF medical imaging facility , 1999 .

[61]  H. D. Zeman,et al.  COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY USING SYNCHROTRON RADIATION , 1984 .

[62]  U. Bonse,et al.  AN X‐RAY INTERFEROMETER WITH LONG SEPARATED INTERFERING BEAM PATHS , 1965 .

[63]  J. Doucet,et al.  Breast-cancer diagnosis using hair , 1999, Nature.

[64]  D E Peplow,et al.  Measured molecular coherent scattering form factors of animal tissues, plastics and human breast tissue. , 1998, Physics in medicine and biology.

[65]  P. Cloetens,et al.  Phase objects in synchrotron radiation hard x-ray imaging , 1996 .

[66]  A. Snigirev,et al.  On the possibilities of x-ray phase contrast microimaging by coherent high-energy synchrotron radiation , 1995 .

[67]  B. Reime,et al.  Comparison of intravenous coronary angiography using synchrotron radiation with selective coronary angiography. , 2003, Journal of synchrotron radiation.

[68]  J. Le Bas,et al.  Enhanced radio sensitivity with iodinated contrast agents using monochromatic synchrotron X-rays on human cancerous cells. , 2002, Academic radiology.

[69]  U. Bonse,et al.  3D computed X-ray tomography of human cancellous bone at 8 microns spatial and 10(-4) energy resolution. , 1994, Bone and mineral.

[70]  D. Siddons,et al.  A single crystal bent Laue monochromator for coronary angiography , 1993 .

[71]  D N Slatkin,et al.  Single-and dual-energy CT with monochromatic synchrotron x-rays. , 1997, Physics in medicine and biology.

[72]  P Berkvens,et al.  First human transvenous coronary angiography at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. , 2000, Physics in medicine and biology.

[73]  Anatoly Snigirev,et al.  Synchrotron-induced X-ray microfluorescence on single cells , 2001 .

[74]  Marianne Geiser,et al.  Neuropathology of ablation of rat gliosarcomas and contiguous brain tissues using a microplanar beam of synchrotron‐wiggler‐generated X rays , 1998, International journal of cancer.

[75]  K. Nugent,et al.  Phase retrieval with the transport-of-intensity equation: matrix solution with use of Zernike polynomials , 1995 .

[76]  David R. Dance,et al.  Breast cancer diagnosis using scattered X‐rays , 2000 .

[77]  Alberto Bravin,et al.  Weanling piglet cerebellum: a surrogate for tolerance to MRT (microbeam radiation therapy) in pediatric neuro-oncology , 2001, Optics + Photonics.

[78]  J. Miklossy,et al.  Combining IR spectroscopy with fluorescence imaging in a single microscope: Biomedical applications using a synchrotron infrared source (invited) , 2002 .

[79]  W.-R. Dix,et al.  Intravenous coronary angiography with synchrotron radiation , 1998 .

[80]  Tetsuya Yuasa,et al.  Incoherent-scatter computed tomography with monochromatic synchrotron x ray: feasibility of multi-CT imaging system for simultaneous measurement-of fluorescent and incoherent scatter x rays , 1997 .

[81]  F Arfelli,et al.  Mammographic phantom studies with synchrotron radiation. , 1996, Radiology.

[82]  Terry M. Button,et al.  RESPONSE OF RAT INTRACRANIAL 9L GLIOSARCOMA TO MICROBEAM RADIATION THERAPY , 2002 .

[83]  H Olkkonen,et al.  A new photon scattering method for bone mineral density measurements. , 1976, Radiology.

[84]  I. Orion,et al.  Computed tomography of x-ray index of refraction using the diffraction enhanced imaging method. , 2000, Physics in medicine and biology.

[85]  E. Pisano,et al.  Human breast cancer specimens: diffraction-enhanced imaging with histologic correlation--improved conspicuity of lesion detail compared with digital radiography. , 2000, Radiology.

[86]  T Takeda,et al.  Dynamic intravenous coronary angiography using 2D monochromatic synchrotron radiation. , 1999, The British journal of radiology.

[87]  K. Nugent,et al.  Quantitative Phase Imaging Using Hard X Rays. , 1996, Physical review letters.

[88]  J. Susini,et al.  Differential interference contrast x-ray microscopy with twin zone plates , 2002 .

[89]  S. Wilkins,et al.  Phase-contrast imaging of weakly absorbing materials using hard X-rays , 1995, Nature.

[90]  Gilles Peix,et al.  Rayleigh to Compton ratio computed tomography using synchrotron radiation , 2000 .

[91]  H Elleaume,et al.  Performance of computed tomography for contrast agent concentration measurements with monochromatic x-ray beams: comparison of K-edge versus temporal subtraction , 2002, Physics in medicine and biology.

[92]  Ulrich Bonse,et al.  X-ray computed microtomography (μCT) using synchrotron radiation (SR) , 1996 .