Scope of practice and outcomes of cerebrovascular procedures in children

PurposeThe impact of scope of practice of providers (predominantly adult versus predominantly pediatric) on the outcomes of cerebrovascular procedures in children remains an issue of debate. We investigated the association of scope of practice with the outcomes of cerebrovascular interventions.MethodsWe performed a cohort study of all pediatric patients (younger than 18 years old) who underwent cerebrovascular procedures from 2009 to 2013 and were registered in the Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) database. In order to control for confounding, we used propensity score conditioning and mixed effects analysis to account for clustering at the hospital level.ResultsDuring the study period, there were 1243 pediatric patients who underwent cerebrovascular procedures and met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 631 (50.7 %) underwent treatment by providers with predominantly adult practices and 612 (49.3 %) by physicians who operated predominantly on children. The mixed-effects multivariable regression analysis demonstrated lack of association of predominantly adult practice with inpatient mortality (OR, 1.20; 95 % CI, 0.61–2.38), discharge to a facility (OR, 1.50; 95 % CI, 0.73–3.09), and length of stay (LOS) (adjusted difference, 0.003; 95 % CI, −0.09 to 0.10). These associations persisted in propensity-adjusted models.ConclusionsIn a cohort of pediatric patients undergoing cerebrovascular procedures from a comprehensive all-payer database, we did not demonstrate a difference in mortality, discharge to a facility, and LOS between providers with predominantly adult and predominantly pediatric practices.