Amy Berning served as the Contracting Officer's Technical Representative (COTR) for this study. Highway Traffic Safety Administration, in the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings and conclusions expressed in this publication of those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the Department of Transportation or the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The United States Government assumes no liability for it contents or use thereof. If trade or manufacturers' names or products are mentioned, it is because they are considered essential to the object of the publication and should not be construed as an endorsement. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. This report was not originally formatted for electronic release. As such, there may be problems with spacing, page numbering and/or graphs and tables. If you would like a printed copy of this report, limited copies are available from NHTSA's Office of Program Development and Evaluation. Please send your request to Ms. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors are grateful to the many individuals who worked on this project. We would especially like to thank the following individuals for promoting the implementation of the study in their respective locations: We are most grateful to all of the counselors and probation officers who conducted the interviews. The interviewers in all three project sites should be commended for persevering despite sometimes discouraging days filled with refusals and missed appointments by potential participants. The efforts of all of the interviewers and supporting staff are greatly appreciated. We thank all who assisted in the planning, implementation, interview process and analyses of data in connection with this study. This document reports the results of a study on why some individuals repeatedly drive while under the influence or intoxicated, even after being convicted of DWI. Through qualified interviewers (trained counselors and probation officers in the substance abuse field), we were able to ask repeat offenders directly about their experiences with the legal and adjudication process, as well as learn about their personal backgrounds. All of the information used for analyses during the course of this project was obtained from audio taped recordings of " one-on-one " interviews with individuals convicted of driving under the influence, or while intoxicated or impaired. Most interviews were approximately one hour in duration. One hundred and eighty-two (182) interviews were conducted at three project sites (Phoenix, Arizona; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; and the 18th Judicial District in Colorado) between February and …