Node placement for wireless mesh networks: Analysis of WMN-GA system simulation results for different parameters and distributions

Abstract Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) are attracting a lot of attention from wireless network researchers. Node placement problems have been investigated for a long time in the optimization field due to numerous applications in location science. In our previous work, we evaluated WMN-GA system which is based on Genetic Algorithms (GAs) to find an optimal location assignment for mesh routers. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of four different distributions of mesh clients (Normal, Uniform, Exponential and Weibull) considering Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), throughput and delay metrics. For simulations, we used ns-3 and Hybrid Wireless Mesh Protocol (HWMP) and sent multiple Constant Bit Rate (CBR) flows in the network. The simulation results show that the implemented system can be used successfully for router placement in WMNs.

[1]  Fatos Xhafa,et al.  WMN–GA: a simulation system for WMNs and its evaluation considering selection operators , 2013, J. Ambient Intell. Humaniz. Comput..

[2]  Fatos Xhafa,et al.  A Comparison Study of Simulated Annealing and Genetic Algorithm for Node Placement Problem in Wireless Mesh Networks , 2013, J. Mobile Multimedia.

[3]  Maolin Tang,et al.  Gateways Placement in Backbone Wireless Mesh Networks , 2009, Int. J. Commun. Netw. Syst. Sci..

[4]  Charles E. Perkins,et al.  Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing , 2001, RFC.

[5]  Jitendra Padhye,et al.  Comparison of routing metrics for static multi-hop wireless networks , 2004, SIGCOMM 2004.

[6]  Jörg Denzinger,et al.  Evaluating Different Genetic Operators in the Testing for Unwanted Emergent Behavior Using Evolutionary Learning of Behavior , 2006, 2006 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Conference on Intelligent Agent Technology.

[7]  Catherine Rosenberg,et al.  Single Gateway Placement in Wireless Mesh Networks , 2008 .

[8]  C. Siva Ram Murthy,et al.  Node Placement Algorithm for Deployment of Two-Tier Wireless Mesh Networks , 2007, IEEE GLOBECOM 2007 - IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference.

[9]  Leonard Barolli,et al.  Performance Evaluation of WMN Considering Number of Connections Using NS-3 Simulator , 2012, 2012 Seventh International Conference on Broadband, Wireless Computing, Communication and Applications.

[10]  Fatos Xhafa,et al.  An Experimental Study on Genetic Algorithms for Resource Allocation on Grid Systems , 2007, J. Interconnect. Networks.

[11]  Fatos Xhafa,et al.  Ad Hoc and Neighborhood Search Methods for Placement of Mesh Routers in Wireless Mesh Networks , 2009, 2009 29th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops.

[12]  Dharma P. Agrawal,et al.  Efficient Mesh Router Placement in Wireless Mesh Networks , 2007, 2007 IEEE Internatonal Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems.

[13]  George F. Riley,et al.  The ns-3 Network Simulator , 2010, Modeling and Tools for Network Simulation.

[14]  M. Hannikainen,et al.  Genetic Algorithm to Optimize Node Placement and Configuration for WLAN Planning , 2007, 2007 4th International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems.

[15]  Xin Yao,et al.  An empirical study of genetic operators in genetic algorithms , 1993, Microprocess. Microprogramming.

[16]  Erik Nordstrom.  APE - a Large Scale Ad Hoc Network Testbed for Reproducible Performance Tests , 2002 .

[17]  Paul B. Lochert,et al.  Adopting dynamic operators in a genetic algorithm , 2007, GECCO '07.

[18]  Fatos Xhafa,et al.  Tuning Struggle Strategy in Genetic Algorithms for Scheduling in Computational Grids , 2008, 2008 7th Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management Applications.

[19]  Andrew Lim,et al.  k-Center problems with minimum coverage , 2004, Theor. Comput. Sci..

[20]  Michael O. Odetayo,et al.  Empirical study of the interdependencies of genetic algorithm parameters , 1997, EUROMICRO 97. Proceedings of the 23rd EUROMICRO Conference: New Frontiers of Information Technology (Cat. No.97TB100167).