Matching Natural Language Data on Ontologies

Ontologies and natural languages are complementary. Whereas ontologies are used to model knowledge formally, natural language is primarily used by users to communicate with ontology based systems. In order to transform information or queries in natural language into valid ontological expressions, the meaning of natural language entities have to be matched with the given ontologies. In contrast to pure ontology matching, the matching with natural language data poses some problems linked to their ambiguities (synonymy, homonymy/polysemy, redundancy, to name but a few).