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The problem of peace remains a daunting one in a world that is still unruly and heavily armed. Scholarly studies of peace adn war regularly assume the anarchic character of the international system. But this academic assumption exists against a usually silent, unnoticed, and very different background condition: viz., the lack of a clear awareness of international anarchy among the actors who are involved in the matters under study. These actors -- including many leaders of the nation-states of the world and, more significantly, the citizenries of those states -- constitute a great sector of humanity.