Hypersonic Laminar Instability on Round Cones Near Zero Angle of Attack

Abstract : Reliable predictions for hypersonic laminar-turbulent transition will have to be based on simulation of the transition mechanisms. Accurate simulation of the second-mode instability-wave growth on a round cone at zero angle of attack would be a significant step toward this goal. Hypersonic stability experiments in this geometry are reviewed, and three are selected. Extensive and previously unpublished data from Stetson's sharp and blunt cone experiments are reported. Approximate computations were carried out using inviscid-boundary-layer and eN methods. The experimental results are compared to previous high-accuracy computations and to the present approximate computations. Quantitative agreement is at present insufficient for reliable eN predictions. The difficulties with both experiment and computation are described.

[1]  Helen L. Reed,et al.  Computational Fluid Dynamics Validation Issues in Transition Modeling , 1998 .

[2]  Kenneth F. Stetson.  Hypersonic Transition Testing in Wind Tunnels , 1990 .

[3]  Maurice J. Zucrow,et al.  Gas dynamics. Volume 2 - Multidimensional flow , 1977 .

[4]  William S. Saric,et al.  CFD validation issues in transition modeling , 1996 .

[5]  Stephen P. Wilkinson,et al.  NASA Langley Mach 6 quiet wind-tunnel performance , 1997 .

[6]  J. W. Cleary,et al.  Effects of angle of attack and nose bluntness on the hypersonic flow over cones. , 1966 .

[7]  T. Herbert.  PARABOLIZED STABILITY EQUATIONS , 1994 .

[8]  D. K. Blanchard,et al.  Computer program for solving laminar, transitional, or turbulent compressible boundary-layer equations for two-dimensional and axisymmetric flow , 1982 .

[9]  Ndaona Chokani,et al.  Hypersonic Boundary Layer Stability over a Flared Cone in a Quiet Tunnel , 1996 .

[10]  L G Siler,et al.  Boundary Layer Measurements on Slender Blunt Cones at Free-Stream Mach Number 8 , 1979 .

[11]  W. R. Grabowsky,et al.  The search for optimum configurations for re-entry vehicles , 1984 .

[12]  L. Mack.  Boundary-Layer Linear Stability Theory , 1984 .

[13]  James M. Kendall,et al.  An Experimental Investigation of Leading-Edge Shock-Wave - Boundary-Layer Interaction at Mach 5.8 , 1957 .

[14]  P. Stephen,et al.  A Review of Hypersonic Boundary Layer Stability Experiments in a Quiet Mach 6 Wind Tunnel , 1997 .

[15]  Chau-Lyan Chang,et al.  Effects of shock on the stability of hypersonic boundary layers , 1990 .

[16]  V. Esfahanian,et al.  Computation of laminar flow over a long slender axisymmetric bluntedcone in hypersonic flow , 1992 .

[17]  Dennis M. Bushnell,et al.  Notes on Initial Disturbance Fields for the Transition Problem , 1990 .

[18]  M. Simen,et al.  On the Instability of Hypersonic Flow Past a Pointed Cone - Comparison of Theoretical and Experimental Results at Mach 8 - , 1992 .

[19]  L. Mack,et al.  Stability of axisymmetric boundary layers on sharp cones at hypersonic Mach numbers , 1987 .

[20]  Anthony Demetriades.  Laminar Boundary Layer Stability Measurements at Mach 7 Including Wall Temperature Effects , 1977 .

[21]  J Donaldson,et al.  A review of free-stream flow fluctuation and steady-state flow quality measurements in the AEDC/VKF Supersonic Tunnel A and Hypersonic Tunnel B , 1995 .

[22]  U. Dallmann,et al.  Instability of Hypersonic Flow Past Blunt Cones - Effects of Mean Flow Variations - , 1993 .

[23]  Stefan Hein,et al.  Influence of nose bluntness on boundary-layer instabilities in hypersonic cone flows , 1999 .

[24]  Kenneth F. Stetson,et al.  Laminar boundary layer stability experiments on a cone at Mach 8. I - Sharp cone , 1983 .

[25]  Kam-Pui Lee,et al.  Hypersonic viscous shock-layer solutions over long slender bodies. I - High Reynolds number flows , 1990 .

[26]  Ewald Kufner,et al.  Entropy- and Boundary Layer Instability of Hypersonic Cone Flows - Effects of Mean Flow Variations - , 1995 .

[27]  M. Malik.  Prediction and control of transition in supersonic and hypersonic boundary layers , 1989 .

[28]  B. Leer,et al.  Flux-vector splitting for the Euler equations , 1997 .

[29]  Eli Reshotko,et al.  A Program for Transition Research , 1975 .

[30]  T. Herbert.  Secondary Instability of Boundary Layers , 1988 .

[31]  S. Schneider.  Flight Data for Boundary-Layer Transition at Hypersonic and Supersonic Speeds , 1999 .

[32]  Roddam Narasimha,et al.  The laminar-turbulent transition zone in the boundary layer , 1985 .

[33]  Steven P. Schneider,et al.  Effects of High-Speed Tunnel Noise on Laminar-Turbulent Transition , 2000 .

[34]  Chau-Lyan Chang,et al.  Direct Numerical Simulation of Hypersonic Boundary-Layer Flow on a Flared Cone , 1998 .

[35]  Robert B. Greendyke,et al.  Finite-Difference Solution for Laminar or Turbulent Boundary Layer Flow over Axisymmetric Bodies with Ideal Gas, CF4, or Equilibrium Air Chemistry , 1992 .

[36]  I. E. Beckwith,et al.  Aerothermodynamics and Transition in High-Speed Wind Tunnels at NASA Langley , 1990 .

[37]  M. V. Morkovin.  Probe Interference in Measurements in Supersonic Laminar Boundary Layers , 1954 .

[38]  Ndaona Chokani,et al.  Boundary-layer stability measurements in a hypersonic quiet tunnel , 1996 .

[39]  G. Schrauf,et al.  A comparison of linear stability theories using FlOO-flight tests , 1997 .

[40]  D. Anderson,et al.  A Split-Coefficient/Locally Monotonic Scheme for Multishocked Supersonic Flow , 1982 .

[41]  Christopher J. Roy,et al.  Further Assessment of One-and Two-Equation Turbulence Models for Hypersonic Transitional Flows , 1998 .

[42]  D. Ladoon,et al.  Measurements of controlled wave packets at Mach 4 on a cone at angle of attack , 1998 .

[43]  Chau-Lyan Chang,et al.  Non-parallel stability of compressible boundary layers , 1993 .

[44]  D. M. Bushnell,et al.  Boundary layer transition in hypersonic flows , 1990 .

[45]  Thorwald Herbert,et al.  ON THE STABILITY OF 3D BOUNDARY LAYERS , 1997 .

[46]  E. Reshotko.  Boundary layer instability, transition and control , 1994 .

[47]  Kam-Pui Lee,et al.  Viscous-shock-layer analysis of hypersonic flows over long slender vehicles. Ph.D. Thesis, 1988 , 1992 .

[48]  A. A. Sidorenko,et al.  Experimental investigations of disturbance development in the hypersonic boundary layer on a Conical Model , 2000 .

[49]  Ndaona Chokani,et al.  Hypersonic Boundary Layer Stability Experiments in a Quiet Wind Tunnel with Bluntness Effects , 1996 .

[50]  G. Candler,et al.  Linear stability of hypersonic flow in thermochemical nonequilibrium , 1997 .

[51]  MARTIN SIMEN,et al.  Nonlocal vs. Local Instability of Compressible Flows Including Body Metric, Flow Divergence and 3D-Wave Propagation , 1993 .

[52]  A. Michalke,et al.  Three-dimensional instability of flat-plate boundary layers: theory and experiment , 1994 .

[53]  R. W. Noack,et al.  Inviscid flow field analysis of complex reentry vehicles: Volume 1, description of numerical methods , 1988 .

[54]  William L. Oberkampf,et al.  Experimental methodology for computational fluid dynamics code validation , 1997 .

[55]  R. F. Warming,et al.  Upwind Second-Order Difference Schemes and Applications in Aerodynamic Flows , 1976 .

[56]  M. Malik,et al.  Hypersonic Boundary-Layer Stability with Chemical Reactions using PSE , 1997 .

[57]  J. M. Kendall.  Wind Tunnel Experiments Relating to Supersonic and Hypersonic Boundary-Layer Transition , 1974 .

[58]  S. Hein,et al.  Entropy-layer instabilities over a blunted flat plate in supersonic flow , 1999 .

[59]  R. Kimmel,et al.  On hypersonic boundary-layer stability , 1992 .

[60]  Christopher J. Roy,et al.  Verification and Validation for Laminar Hypersonic Flowfields , 2000 .

[61]  Steven P. Schneider.  Development of quiet-flow supersonic wind tunnels for laminar-turbulent transition research , 1994 .

[62]  Leonhard Kleiser,et al.  Numerical simulation of transition in wall-bounded shear flows , 1991 .

[63]  M. Malik,et al.  Effect of nose bluntness on boundary layer stability and transition , 1990 .

[64]  S. Schneider.  Design of a Mach-6 Quiet-Flow Wind-Tunnel Nozzle using the e**N Method for Transition Estimation , 1998 .

[65]  E. Kufner.  Numerische Untersuchungen der Strömungsinstabilitäten an spitzen und stumpfen Kegeln bei hypersonischen Machzahlen , 1995 .

[66]  M. Malik.  Numerical methods for hypersonic boundary layer stability , 1990 .